Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science with Solutions Set 7 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science Set 7 with Solutions
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
All questions are compulsory. The question paper has 34 questions.
- Questions from serial number 1 to 20 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 20 words each.
- Questions from serial number 21 to 23 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 50 words each.
- Questions from serial number 24 to 27 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
- Questions from serial number 28 to 31 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 120 words each.
- Questions from serial number 32 to 34 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 170 words each.
Section-A (20 Marks)
Question 1.
How was the Constituent Assembly composed? [1]
Answer:
The Constituent Assembly was composed roughly along the guidelines suggested by the plan proposed by the committee of the British cabinet, popularly known as the Cabinet Mission.
Question 2.
Who is the safeguard of Fundamental Rights in India? [1]
Answer:
The Indian Constitution (Article 32 – Constitutional remedies).
Question 3.
Who presides over the Election Commission of India? [1]
Answer:
Chief Election Commissioner of India.
Question 4.
When was the Indian Constitution adopted and when did it come into force? [1]
Answer:
The Indian Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949, and it came into force on January 26, 1950.
Question 5.
State the two features of Cultural and Educational Rights. [1]
Answer:
(i) Protection of language, culture of minorities.
(ii) Right of minorities to establish educational institutions.
Question 6.
Where is the Supreme Court of India located? [1]
Answer:
New Delhi.
Question 7.
What is the minimum age eligibility to contest elections for the Lok Sabha? [1]
Answer:
25 years.
Question 8.
What is the role of NTH Aayog in India? [1]
Answer:
The role of NITI Aayog is to foster cooperative federalism through structured support initiatives and mechanisms with the States on a continuous basis.
Question 9.
What do you understand by Judicial Review? [1]
Answer:
It is the power of the Supreme Court /High Courts to declare a law as unconstitutional if it is not as per the Constitutional provisions.
Question 10.
Define feminism. [1]
Answer:
Feminism is a political doctrine concerned with gender inequalities and equal rights for women.
Question 11.
When is the provision of President’s rule applied in a state? [1]
Answer:
This provision is applied when a situation has arisen in which the Government of the State does not work in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
Question 12.
What is the purpose of the women’s movement and the dalit movement? [1]
Answer:
The purpose of the women’s movement and the dalit movement is to change public opinion by drawing attention to their needs as well as to influence government policy to ensure them equal rights and opportunities.
Question 13.
What do you understand by Election Petition? [1]
Answer:
It is a petition filed with a Court of Law to consider the fairness of conduct and results of an election.
Question 14.
What is the most extraordinary feature of the federal arrangement created in India? [1]
Answer:
The most extraordinary feature of the federal arrangement created in India is that many states get a differential treatment.
Question 15.
What is meant by socially-produced inequalities? [1]
Answer:
Inequalities that emerge as a consequence of inequalities of opportunity or the exploitation of some groups in a society by others.
Question 16.
Define development in the broader sense. [1]
Answer:
The idea of improvement, progress, well-being and aspiration for better life to constitute the vision for society as a whole and how to achieve it.
Question 17.
What is meant by socialism? [1]
Answer:
Socialism refers to a set of political ideas that concerns with minimizing existing inequality and distributing resources justly.
Question 18.
Define modernisation. [1]
Answer:
A systematic process involving complementary change in the demographic, social, economic and political sectors of the society to increase material standard of living and subsidiary phenomenon.
Question 19.
What is meant by Equal citizenship? [1]
Answer:
It means providing equal rights and protection to all citizens should be one of the guiding principles of government policies.
Question 20.
What is Democratic participation? [1]
Answer:
The right of people to participate in decision making of political affairs.
Section-B (6 Marks)
Question 21.
What category of people had drawn up the Indian Constitution? [2]
Answer:
The Indian Constitution was drawn up by people who enjoyed immense public credibility, who had the capacity to negotiate and command the respect of a wide cross-section of society, and who were able to convince the people that the constitution was not an instrument for the exaggeration of their personal power.
Question 22.
Is freedom necessary for progress of human beings? [2]
Answer:
Yes, freedom is a prerequisite for growth of human beings. Human beings can grow only if they are provided adequate freedom of activities. However, such freedom needs to be refrained when it starts hurting the freedom of fellow being. As a result, refrained and not absolute freedom is necessary for growth of human beings.
Question 23.
Define the role of the modern state in the citizenship [2]
Answer:
In the modern state, collective political identity is provided to their members as well as certain rights. Therefore, the people think of themselves as Indians, Americans, Japanese, British etc. depending on the state to which they belong to.
Section-C (16 Marks)
Question 24.
State some Fundamental Rights that cater to the protection of minorities in the country. [4]
Answer:
Some such rights are :
(1) Right to Equality.
(2) Right to Freedom of Religion.
(3) Cultural and Educational Rights.
(4) Right to minorities to establish their educational institutions.
(5) Right to minorities to preserve their language and customs.
Question 25.
State the limitations on the Right to freedom of Speech and Expression. [4]
Answer:
Article 19 of the Constitution of India guarantees six freedoms to the citizens of India. The Right to freedom of Speech and Expression is one such freedom. This freedom can be enjoyed by speaking and writing along with the following limitations:
(1) Contempt of any Court of Law.
(2) Immorality.
(3) Indecency.
(4) Insecurity of the State.
Question 26.
What is a state? Why is it necessary? [4]
Answer:
A state is a community of persons who permanently occupy a definite portion of organised government to which the great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience. A state is necessary :
(1) For the development of individuals.
(2) To perform certain duties.
(3) For the security of life and property.
(4) To remove hindrances in the life of citizens.
Question 27.
Explain the concept of principled distance. [4]
Answer:
(1) According to the concept of principled distance, a secular state may keep a principled distance from religion to promote peace between communities, and it may also intervene to protect the rights of specific communities.
(2) The state gives equal preference to every religion and respects them all equally. However, the state may interfere if religious groups try to exercise their power on the political and social life of the people. This balanced distance of state from religious groups is called principled distance.
Section-D (20 Marks)
Question 28.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follows : [5]
The State government is required to appoint a State Election Commissioner who would be responsible for conducting elections to the Panchayati Raj institutions. Earlier, this task was performed by the State administration which was under the control of tire State government. Now, the office of the State Election Commissioner is autonomous like the Election Commissioner of India. However, the state Election Commissioner is an independent officer and is not linked to any nor this officer is under the control of the Election Commission of India. The State government is also required to appoint a State Finance Commission once in five years. This Commission would examine the financial position of the local governments in the State. It would also review the distribution of revenues between the State and local governments on one hand and between rural and urban local governments on the other. This innovation ensures that allocation of funds to the rural local governments will not be a political matter.
(i) Who conducts elections for local governments?
(a) The State Government
(b) The State Election Commission
(c) The Election Commissioner of India
(d) The Panchayati Raj
Answer:
(b) The State Election Commission
(ii) Who was responsible for this task prior to the new system?
(a) State administration
(b) Central administration
(c) Panchayati Raj
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) State Administration
(iii) Who examines the financial position of the local governments?
(a) Election Commission of India
(b) Panchayati Raj
(c) State Finance Commission
(d) State Election Commission
(iv) Which institution distribute and allocates funds to rural and urban local government?
Answer:
(c) State Finance Commission
(a) Panchayati Raj
(b) State government
(c) State Election Commission
(d) State Finance Commission
Answer:
(d) State Finance Commission
Question 29.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follows : [5]
Differences of opinion on matters such whether, and how, to distribute resources and ensure equal access to education and jobs arouse fierce passions in society and even sometimes provoke violence. People believe the future of themselves and their families may be at stake. We have only to remind ourselves about the anger and even violence which has sometimes been roused by proposals to reserve seats in educational institutions or in government employment in our country. As students of political theory however we should be able to calmly examine the issues involved in terms of our understanding of the principles of justice. Can schemes to help the disadvantaged be justified in terms of a theory of justice? In the next section, we will discuss the theory of just distribution put forward by the well-known political philosopher, John Rawls. Rawls has argued that there could indeed be a rational justification for acknowledging tire need to provide help to the least privileged members of a society.
(i) On which issue, violence may be provoked sometimes?
(ii) Who is John Rawls?
(iii) What does John Rawls reveal?
(iv) Give an example when violence had occurred on just distribution of resources.
Answer:
(i) On the issue of distribution of resources and to ensure equal access to education and jobs.
(ii) He is a well-known political philosopher.
(iii) He argued that there could indeed be a rational justification for acknowledging the need to provide help to the least privileged members of a society.
(iv) On the proposal to reserve seats in educational institutions or government employment.
Question 30.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follows : [5]
Racism and communalism involve the stigmatisation and oppression of an entire racial group or community. Though the notion that humanity can be divided into distinct races is scientifically spurious, it has been used to justify insidious practices such as Negro slavery in the United States of America (until 1865), the slaughter ofJews in Hitler’s Germany, and apartheid—a policy followed until 1992 by the White-controlled government in South Africa, which treated the majority Black people of the country as second class citizens. Racial discrimination still continues covertly in the West and is now often directed against immigrants from countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Communalism may be seen as the South Asian counterpart of racism where the victims tend to be minority religious groups.
(i) What involves the stigmatisation and oppression of an entire radal group?
(ii) Give some examples to justify insidious practices.
(iii) Who were treated as the second class citizens in South Africa?
Answer:
(i) Racism and Communalism.
(ii) Some examples are:
- Slaughter of Jews during Nazism.
- Apartheid in South Africa.
- Negro Trade in south Africa.
(iii) The Black people of the country.
Question 31.
Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follows: [5]
(i) What is the significance of the cartoon?
(ii) In case there is not an agreement between the Houses over a bill, how is the matter resolved?
(iii) In case of deadlock, in whose favour is the decision given?
Answer:
(i) The cartoon signifies how the individual members discuss about the bill outside the parliament and some spurious means used by some ministers to disrupt the smooth functioning of the government and the democracy.
(ii) In such a case, a joint parliamentary session is conducted.
(iii) In case of deadlock, the bill is presented in the joint sitting and voted upon, the bill should be passed with the majority of more than half the members present and voting. The Lok Sabha, being the greater house in capacity, usually wins the vote.
Section-E (18 Marks)
Question 32.
In a discussion on the experience of the working of our Constitution, three speakers took three different positions: [6]
(i) Harbans: The Indian Constitution has succeeded in giving us a framework of democratic government.
(ii) Neha: The Constitution made solemn promises of ensuring liberty, equality and fraternity. Since this has not happened, the Constitution has failed.
(iii) Nazima: The Constitution has not failed us. We have failed the Constitution. Do you agree with any of these positions? If yes, why? If not, what is your own position?
OR
Do you agree with the views of Somnath Lahiri given in the Constituent Assembly. If yes, give instances to prove it. If not, give arguments against his position.
Answer:
(i) The view of Harbans is correct to the extent that the Constitution has surely provided us with a democratic government setup. However, it has not ensured that the democratic setup is perfectly corruption-free. The presence of social and economic evils in the society has not been eradicated through the democratic setup.
(ii) The Constitution of India has granted equality and freedom to the citizens of India. However, it is a common knowledge that judicial decisions are influenced by money and power, elections are won with the help of money and power and the problems of terrorism, naxalism, etc. threaten the freedom. Hence, to that extent, the Indian Constitution has failed in keeping its promises.
(iii) There has been lack of honest efforts by the citizens in taking forward the dream of our freedom fighters to have an exemplary India. We try to bypass laws, circumvent with the procedures to our gains. So much so, that the view of Nazima that the Constitution has not failed us but we have failed the Constitution seems an appropriate statement of the present situation of the country.
OR
The views of Lahiri are correct. This is because of the fact that a police constable vigils over the law and order situation and prevents unlawful activities. Maximum fundamental rights work under this framework only as if, these are violated and require remedial order by the court later on. These rights do not include:
(i) Equal pay for equal work.
(ii) Right against Economic Exploitation.
(iii) Right to work.
(iv) Right to adequate livelihood.
These are basis and a necessity for human life and must form part of the Fundamental Rights rather than just being Directive Principles of State Policy.
Question 33.
Write an essay of two hundred words on the proposal to have an elected administration instead of an appointed administration. [6]
OR
Justify the statement, ‘Universal Adult Franchise is the root to the success of democracy’.
Answer:
The proposal says that the administration should be elected instead of being appointed. This proposal would give rise to chaos if implemented. To handle administrative tasks, the executives should have deep knowledge of the nation, its problems, its future prospects and the various perspectives to approach them.
Only a person with deep knowledge of the facts and analytical skills can make out the possible consequences of any provision, policies and programmes of the government. Thus, skilled candidates need to be selected to ensure smooth working of the administrative machinery at ground level. This can be done through various written exams that test a broad range of skills as it is not otherwise possible to judge the knowledge and eligibility of a candidate only through the process of election. More money and time would be comparatively required in election of the executives.
The selection of criteria to judge the candidates would become very difficult. Electoral process is more suited for legislatures as they give representation to people in law making. The domain of executio needs expertise even though it can be monitored by elected representatives. Elected representatives may succeed in administration at smaller levels but large scale administration at the level of a country requires an appointed administration.
OR
It is correct to say that Universal Adult Franchise is the root to the success of democracy. This is because:
(1) There is no discrimination amongst the voters.
(2) The age of eligibility differs from country to country, it is 18 years in India. But, every democratic country gives rights to its citizens to the participate in election process.
(3) All the citizens are treated at par.
(4) Only the citizens like minors, criminals, bankrupts and insane are kept away from the election process.
(5) The citizens also get educated about the political system of the country.
(6) The citizens feel empowered and motivated to administer the country according to their choice through their elected representative(s).
Question 34.
In what ways is the study of political theory useful for us? Identify four ways in which the political theory can be useful to us. [6]
OR
What is meant by freedom of expression? What, in your view, would be a reasonable restriction on this freedom? Give two examples.
Answer:
Political theory is useful for us as it helps in understanding the meaning of political concepts by looking at the way they are understood and used in ordinary language. Political theories debate and examine the various meanings and opinions from different contexts in a systematic manner. The four ways in which the political theory can be useful to us are:
(1) It helps in understanding how constitutions are shaped in a certain manner, how governments and social lives are arranged in a certain systematic manner by studying and understanding the ideas and principles that are at their base.
(2) It shows the significance of various principles such as rule of law, separation of power, judicial review etc.
(3) Political theory helps bureaucrats, politicians, government officers and advocates to interpret the laws and constitution. It also helps in
understanding the problems of society and explore the ways to solve them.
(4) Political theory encourages individuals to examine their ideas and feelings about political things so that they can become moderate in their ideas and feelings.
OR
It is considered to belong to the minimum area of ‘non-interference’, that is, negative liberty. According to the provisions of the Indian Constitution, this is a fundamental right. Society bears some inconvenience caused by freedom of speech to protect it from people who want to restrict it. Society cannot restrict people from expressing themselves freely whether it agrees with their views or not. A reasonable restriction of freedom of expression is one that allows society to function smoothly and curbs interference in privacy. These restrictions are reasonable as they are necessary to run the society smoothly. Following are some reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech :
(1) Freedom of speech cannot interfere in someone’s privacy. Employees of Royal household of England are constrained by contract from disclosing any inner affairs of the royal household.
(2) Another example of putting restriction on freedom of speech is of film censor board. Censor board of films ban some portion of film to prevent adverse effect on society or disturbance of peace.