CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 History Set 10 with Solutions

Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 History with Solutions Set 10 are designed as per the revised syllabus.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 History Set 10 with Solutions

Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D, and E. There are 34 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.

1. Section A – Question 1 to 21 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
2. Section B – Question no. 22 to 27 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60-80 words.
3. Section C – Question no 28 to 30 are Long Answer Type Questions, carrying 8 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 300-350 words
4. Section D – Question no.31 to 33 are Source based questions with three sub-questions and are of 4 marks each
5. Section E – Question no. 34 is Map based, carrying 5 marks that include the identification and location of significant test items. Attach the map with the answer book.

Section – A (21 Marks)

Question 1.
Ryotwari system was introduced by which of the following Viceroys? [1]
(A) LordMunro
(B) Lord Hastings
(C) Lord Wellesley
(D) Lord Cornwallis
Answer:
(A) LordMunro

Explanation: The famous Ryotwari system was introduced by Lord Munro

Question 2.
Identify the given picture from the options given below: [1]

(A) SidhuManjhi
(B) Kanhu
(C) Digambar Biswas
(D) Alluri Sitaram Raju
Answer:
(A) SidhuManjhi

Explanation: The given image is of Sidhu Manjhi who led the Santhal Rebellion.

Question 3.
Which of these rituals took place during the consecration ceremony of the Kings? [1]
(A) Rajasuya Ritual
(B) Vajapeya Ritual
(C) Asvamedha Ritual
(D) Agnishtoma Ritual
Answer:
(A) Rajasuya Ritual

Explanation: During the consecration ceremony of the King the famous Rajasuya ritual took place.

Question 4.
From the given pairs, which one is correctly matched? [1]
(A) Bahadur Shah Zafar: Agra
(B) Zamindar Kanwar Singh: Lucknow
(C) Rani Laxmibai: Satara
(D) Nawab Wajid Ali Shah: Awadh
Answer:
(D) Nawab Wajid Ali Shah: Awadh

Explanation: Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was the ruler of Awadh who lost his kingdom to the British.

Question 5.
Study the following statement carefully: [1]
“I believe separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities and will do them tremendous harm. If they are isolated forever, they can never convert themselves into a majority and the feeling of frustration will cripple them even from the very beginning.”
Who among the following made the above statement?
(A) Dr. Ambedkar
(B) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(C) Govind Ballabh Pant
(D) Sardar Patel
Answer:
(C) Govind Ballabh Pant

Question 6.
Consider the following well-known dynasties: [1]
(i) Vijayanagara Empire
(ii) Sultanate of Golconda
(iii) Delhi Sultanate
(iv) Sultanate of Ahmadnagar
The correct order of emergence of these dynasties is:
(A) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)
(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
(C) (i), (ii), (iiii), (iv)
(D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)
Answer:
(A) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

Question 7.
_______are the scholars of Islamic studies. [1]
(A) Ulama
(B) Faqir
(C) Qawwal
(D) Sultan
Answer:
(A) Ulama

Explanation: The Ulamas are considered to be Islamic scholars.

Question 8.
Match the following: [1]
Choose the correct option:

List-I	List-II
(i) Amil Guzar	(a) Accountant
(ii) Mandals	(b) Revenue collector
(iii) Patwari	(c) Panchayat Headmen
(iv) Diwan	(d) Supervisor

(A) (i)-d, (ii)-c, (iii)-b, (iv)-a
(B) (i)-b, (ii)-d, (iii)-a, (iv)-c
(C) (i)-a, (ii)-b, (iii)-c, (iv)-d
(D) (i)-b, (ii)-c, (iii)-a, (iv)-d
Answer:
(D) (i)-b, (ii)-c, (iii)-a, (iv)-d

Question 9.
Epigraphy is_______. [1]
(A) Archaeological inscriptions
(B) Paintings
(C) biographies
(D) Travel accounts
Answer:
(A) Archaeological inscriptions

Explanation: Epigraphy is the study of archaeological inscriptions.

Question 10.
Which one of the following statements is NOT appropriate about Ain-i-Akbari? [1]
(A) It was written by Abul Fazl.
(B) It was a gazetteer of the empire
(C) It was sponsored and commissioned by Akbar.
(D) Its data was uniformly collected from all the provinces.
Answer:
(D) Its data was uniformly collected from all the provinces.

Question 11.
Consider the following statements. [1]
I. Congress participated in the first round table conference.
II. Congress participated in the second round table conference.
Choose the correct statements.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) Both I and II
(D) Neither I nor II
Answer:
(B) II only

Explanation: The Congress participated in the second round table conference and boycotted the first

Question 12.
Gandhiji faced resistance in the second round table conference from which of the following parties and entities? [1]
(A) All India Muslim League
(B) Rulers of the princely states
(C) B.R. Ambedkar
(D) All of the above
Answer:
(D) All of the above

Explanation: Gandhiji represented the Congress in the second round table conference but faced resistance from several parties.

Question 13.
Who invaded Delhi in 1739? [1]
(A) Shahjahan
(B) Humayun
(C) Sher Shah Sun
(D) Nadir Shah
Answer:
(D) Nadir Shah

Question 14.
Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion(A) and the other labeled as Reason (R). [1]
Assertion (A): The status of Prabhavati Gupta was very high under Gupta’s administration.
Reason (R): Prabhavati Gupta was the daughter of Chandragupta n.
Choose the correct statements:
(A) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(B) Both A and R are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
(C) A is correct but R is incorrect
(D) A is incorrect but R is correct
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Explanation: Prabhavati Gupta held a very high status in the Gupta administration as she was the daughter of Chandragupta II.

Question 15.
How much infantry was there as the combined military strength of the Zamindars in Mughal India? R [1]
(A) Around 10 lakhs
(B) Around 20 lakhs
(C) Around 30 lakhs
(D) Around 40 lakhs
Answer:
(D) Around 40 lakhs

Question 16.
Which of the following was Akbar’s reign? R [1]
(A) 1566-1605
(B) 1556-1605
(C) 1596-1605
(D) 1506-1605
Answer:
(B) 1556-1605

Question 17.
Which is the largest caravan (chapter) in Mahabharata? [1]
(A) BhishmaParvan
(B) Shanti Parvan
(C) Sabha Parva
(D) Virata Parva
Answer:
(B) Shanti Parvan

Explanation: The largest caravan in the Mahabharata is the Shanti Parvan

Question 18.
The term Mahayana means: [1]
(A) Lower Vehicle
(B) Higher Vehicle
(C) Eternal Vehicle
(D) Divine Vehicle
Answer:
(B) Higher Vehicle

Explanation: The meaning of the term Mahayana is the upper vehicle.

Question 19.
Which popular rebellion broke out in 1855-56? [1]
(A) India’s First Struggle for Independence
(B) Battalion Rebelli
(C) Pahariya Rebellion
(D) Santhal Rebellion
Answer:
(D) Santhal Rebellion

Explanation: The Santhal Rebellion broke out between 1855 and 1856.

Question 20.
The term used to refer to Indians who can speak two languages is: [1]
(A) Swang
(B) m
(C) Dubhashi
(D) Ganj
Answer:
(D) Ganj

Explanation: The people who can speak two languages are known as Dubhashi.

Question 21.
The famous work on drama “Natyashastra” is written by which of the following personalities? [1]
(A) Kalidasa
(B) Varahamira
(C) Bharata
(D) Amoghavarsha
Answer:
(C) Bharata

Explanation: The famous Drama Natyashastra was written by Bharata.

Section- B (18 Marks)

Question 22. Describe the condition of an average peasant of north India during the seventeenth century
OR
How land revenue was fixed? [3]
Answer:
An average peasant of northern India had a pair of oxen and plows and many peasants did not have even that. Those farmers in Gujarat were considered prosperous and possessed 6 acres of land. On the other hand, in Bengal, the upper limit of land was 5 acres for an average peasant. A Peasant who had more than 10 acres of land was considered rich. Cultivation was based on the principle of individual ownership. The land of the peasants was bought and sold

OR

• It consisted of two stages – Jama and Hasil. Jama was the amount assessed and Hasil was the amount collected.
• Both cultivated and cultivable land are measured in each province.
• Prepared annual record of the number of cultivators in each village
• Officials were appointed to measure land revenue.
• The Dewan, who was responsible for supervising the fiscal system of the empire.

Question 23.
Explain how different methods of irrigation were developed for agriculture in the Harappan site. [3]
Answer:
To increase agriculture production, Harappans used :

• Animal power such as oxen to plow the fields.
• The wooden plow was used for tilling fields.
• Canals to water the fields. Water was also drawn from wells for irrigation

Question 24.
Explain why Ain-i Akbari remains an extraordinary document of its times even today. [3]
Answer:
Ain – I Akbari written by Abu’lFazl remains an extraordinary document of the Mughal period even today. It is the third book of Akbar Nama. The Ain is made up of five books, of which the first three books describe the administration, the fourth and fifth books deal with religious, literary-cultural traditions, and a collection of Akbar’s auspicious sayings. It provided fascinating glimpses into the structure and organization of the Mughal empire.

It gave us ‘quantitative’ information about its products and people. The value of Ain’s quantitative evidence is uncontested, where the study of agrarian relations is concerned. Abu’lFazl adopted a completely different standpoint from the traditional writers of chronicles by recording information about the country, its people, and its products. It contained people, their professions, and trades on the imperial establishment and the grandness of the empire. It enables historians to reconstruct the social fabric of India at that time.

Question 25.
Discuss how and why were stupas built. [3]
Answer:
The stupas were built with donations made for building them. The kings such as Satavahanas, wealthy persons, guilds of merchants and artisans and even monks, common men and nuns made donations for building stupas. We find records of donations that were made for building and decorating the stupa on the railings and pillars of the stupas.

The inscriptions also mention the names of hundreds of donors and sometimes the name of the place from where they came, their occupations and names of their relatives as well. For instance, one of the gateways at Sanchi was built with the money donated by the guilds of ivory workers.

The stupas were regarded as sacred place and the relics of Buddha i.e. his bodily remains or objects used by him were buried here. These mounds were known as stupas. The tradition of building stupas may have been preBuddhist, but they attained much popularity as an emblem of both the Buddha and Buddhism.

Question 26.
Explain the significance of the Non-Cooperation Movement. [3]
Answer:
(1) A wave of awakening and fearlessness went through the public: This movement made the public fearless. They became mentally prepared to bear the punishment and the tyranny of the British rulers.
(2) It transformed the national movement into a mass – movement: Under the Non- Cooperation movement, Gandhiji went from village to village awakening the villagers that the British government cannot function without their cooperation. The villagers realized their strength and importance.
(3) The country was benefited through constructive activities: New national schools and colleges came
into existence. Indian students came to know about their own culture and traditions. The village weavers
were happy because of the demand of Swadeshi clothes. The use of charkha created a new economy. All
these activities proved to be extremely beneficial for the people.

Question 27.
What were the different views of the members of the Constituent Assembly on the subject of “Separate Electorates”?
OR
What arguments were given by N.G. Ranga for the consideration of the minorities on the principle of their
economic status? [3]
Answer:
The majority of the nationalists were against the provision of giving separate electorates to any minority community:

• Nationalists believed that separate electorates were brought to divide the nation and break its unity.
• R.V. Dhulekar said that separate electorates were used by the British to appease the minorities which in reality was totally against the interest of the minorities.
• Sardar Patel said, “Separate electorate is a poison that has entered the body politic of our country.”It has proved to be a curse for the unity of India.
• Govind Ballabh Pant held separate electorates harmful not only for the nation but also for the minorities. He felt that such a demand will further isolate the minorities.
• On the whole majority of the members of the Constituent Assembly were against the principle of separate electorates and held them harmful for the future progress of the nation.

OR

The ideology that was supported by N.G. Ranga was of socialism due to which he believed in the economic equality of the people.

• He believed that special safeguards should be provided for financially weak people.
• He supported the idea of granting legal rights to the people but also put arguments about their limitations.
• He believed that it is good that the right to employment or to form associations is given. But the main thing is to develop a viable atmosphere that creates real economic opportunities for the people.
• The constitution should provide special economic safeguards to the poor sections of society for their development.
• The apprehensions raised by N.G. Ranga were debated in the constitution and in the end, many provisions were made for the benefit of the poor.

Section – C (24 Marks)

Question 28.
“The Mahabharata is a good source to study the Kinfolk’s values of ancient times.” Justify this statement with suitable arguments.
OR
Gandhi transformed Indian Nationalism through the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920. Give arguments to support the statement. [8]
Answer:
Mahabharata is a colossal epic running in its present form up to 100,000 verses covering social categories and situations. It was composed more than 1000 years ago (500 BCE onwards) and some of the stories might be circulated earlier. Hence, it is a suitable text to give insight into family, marriage and kinfolk values which are depicted through episodes of Mahabharata. Priligy means tracing descent from father to son, grandson and so on.

While patriline existed prior to Mahabharata, story of Mahabharata reinforced the idea that it was valuable. We find that most of the family’s inheritance was inherited to son only. In some cases there were no sons, it was transferred to brothers. Women had no claims on the resources of the household. Only in very exceptional circumstances, women such as Prabhavati Gupta; exercised power. Priligy was not unique to ruling families. It was practiced by families of wealthy men and Brahmanas which is evident in Rigveda.

Rules of marriage were defined along exogamy. Marrying outside the clan and relatives was considered good. Polygamy was a common practice. For example, Arjuna married more than one women but polyandry was also practiced. For example, Draupadi had five husbands. There that was gendered access to property and therefore the practice of Kanyadana was an important duty of the father.

OR

Gandhiji emerge as a people’s leader from 1917-22:

1. Gandhiji led the people to protest against the Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
2. He used his mother tongue and not English in communicating nationalist messages.
3. He took up the Khilafat issue in the Non– Cooperation Movement and demanded Swaraj.
4. Renunciation of all voluntary association with the British govt.
5. He became the people’s leader through self-discipline and renunciation.
6. He also promoted the concept of self-rule through charkha.
7. Gandhiji displayed a concern for the laboring poor of India, as he believed that salvation for India could come only through the farmers and workers who constituted the majority of the Indian population. (a reference to BHU speech)
8. He wanted Indian nationalism, from being an elite phenomenon – a creation of lawyers, doctors and landlords, to nationalism more suitably representative of the Indian people as a whole.
9. He popularised Satyagraha.
10. Non- Cooperation- a much wider and more popular Movement in terms of participation from all sections, widespread over India, participation by both Hindus and Muslims -Khilafat & Non- Cooperation, a united challenge to British imperialism like never before under his leadership.
11. He popularized Ahimsa.
12. Gave emphasis on Swadeshi & Boycott.
13. Students stopped going to schools and colleges run by the government.
14. Lawyers refused to attend court.
15. The working class went on strike in many towns and cities.
16. Hilly tribals in northern Andhra violated the forest laws.
17. Farmers in Awadh did not pay taxes.
18. Peasants in Kumaon refused to carry loads for colonial officials.
19. He emphasized decentralization through charkha.
20. The emergence of Gandhian Nationalism.
21. His language, dressing style, and simplicity helped him connect with the masses.
22. Stressed Hindu Muslim unity, eradication of untouchability, a revival of indigenous industries through the symbol of charkha, and elevation of the status of women.
23. The simple practice of Swadeshi and boycott appealed to the people.
24. Empathised and identified with the common people in dress and lifestyle.
25. He carefully reorganized the Congress by setting up new branches in different parts of the country and Praja Mandals in the Princely States.
26. A group of highly talented Indians attached themselves to Gandhiji-Mahadev Desai, Vallabh Bhai Patel, J.B. Kriplani, Jawaharlal Nehru, and C. Rajgopalachari. All from different regions and traditions.
27. According to American biographer, Louis Fischer – “Non- Cooperation became the name of an epoch in the life of India and Mahatma Gandhi”. (To be evaluated as a whole).

Question 29.
‘In the history of nationalism, Gandhiji is often identified with the making of a nation. Describe his role in the freedom struggle of India.
OR
“After introducing the Permanent Settlement in Bengal, the Zamindars regularly failed to pay the land revenue demand”. Examine the causes and consequences of it. [8]
Answer:
Gandhiji gave a new outlook and realistic touch to the Indian National Movement. Under his strong leadership, it was a movement of the people, who were able to associate themselves with him the rich and poor, the professionals and the farmers. His movement brought in thousands of peasants, workers, artisans, women and farmers and the working class. He identified himself with the common man and he dressed like them, lived like them and spoke their language.

He was simple and dressed in a simple dhoti or loincloth. Gandhi, with the Charkha, had become the most acceptable image of the Indian National Movement. By the act of spinning, he broke the boundaries that existed in the Indian caste system. Students, women and workers were all drawn toward Gandhi and participated in the movement in large numbers.

Students boycotted schools and colleges run by the government, lawyers did not attend court. Gandhiji firmly believed in Hindu-Muslim unity and joined the Non-Cooperation movement with Khilafat Movement. He firmly believed that if both joined they can collectively bring an end to the Colonial rule. Gandhi’s biographer Louis Fischer wrote that the Non-Cooperation Movement became an epoch in the life of India and Gandhiji.

The non-Cooperation movement was negative enough to be peaceful and positive enough to be effective. It was training for self-rule. Gandhiji felt that Swaraj, Hindus, Muslims, Parsis and Sikhs will have to unite.

OR

The British introduced the system of Permanent Settlement in Bengal. They thought that the fixed revenue would imbibe a sense of security and assured returns on their investments and improve the estates among Zamindars. But the Zamindars regularly failed to pay the revenue, which resulted in the accumulation of unpaid balances. The Zamindars failed to make regular payments of revenue due to various reasons.

Initially, the rate of revenue was very high and was fixed. The East India Company had thought that it would never be able to claim a share in the increased income from land if at any stage, the prices rose or the cultivation expanded. The Company also argued that the burden on the Zamindars would slowly come down with an increase in agricultural production and the prices of agricultural products.

The amount of revenue was fixed during the period of economic depression. This demand was fixed in the 1790s, a time when the agricultural produce was less and the Ryots found it difficult to pay their dues to the Zamindars. As such, the Zamindars were unable to pay the revenue to the East India Company. Since the revenue was fixed and had to be paid punctually even if the harvest was not good, there was the enforcement of Sunset law.

If any Zamindar did not make the payment before sunset on a specific day, his Estate was auctioned. The Permanent Settlement had reduced the power of the Zamindars to collect rent from Ryot. Though the Company recognized the Zamindars as important, it wanted to control and regulate them, subdue their authority and restrict their autonomy.

The Zamindar’s troops were disbanded, custom duties abolished and their Cutcheries (courts) brought under the supervision of the collector of the Company. They also lost the power to organize local justice and local power. Over time, collectors became important. Rent collection was a perennial problem.

Sometimes, bad harvests and low prices were the reasons for not paying the dues, else Ryots intentionally delayed payments. Rich Ryots and village Headman were happy to see the Zamindars in trouble and Zamindars could not exert their powers over them.

Question 30.
Identify the relationships between the Sufis and the state from the eighth to the eighteenth century.
OR
Explain the features of the Islamic religion which contributed to its spread through the sub-continent. [8]
Answer:
Relations between the state and the Bhakti and Sufi traditions:
(1) Bhakti traditions – Chola rulers supported Brahmanical and Bhakti traditions.
(2) They extended royal patronage to Nayanar saints and made lavish grants for the building of temples.
(3) Some of the temples include those at Chidambaram, Thanjavur, and Gangaikonda Chola Puram.
(4) Images of saints were carried during festivals.
(5) Kings introduced the singing of Tamil Shiva hymns in temples.
(6) These hymns were organized in a text called Tevaram.
(7) Conflicts among Nayanars and other traditions like Jainism and Buddhism for royal patronage.

• Sufi traditions – Visiting the shrine/ Dargah
• Rulers wanted their tombs and shrines to be in the vicinity of Sufi shrine
• Funding the construction of the tomb of Shaikh Muinuddin by Ghiyas-Uddin Khalji.
• Sultans set up charitable trusts for hospice, made donations.
• Granted tax-free land.
• Sufis provided legitimation to the power of Sultans
• Conflicts among Sufis and Sultans on rituals like kissing of feet and prostration, adopting high-sounding titles. (Four points for each to be explained) the movement was negative enough to be peaceful and positive enough to be effective. It was training for self-rule. Gandhiji felt that for Swaraj, Hindus, Muslims, Parsis and Sikhs will have to unite.

OR

The development of Islam was not restricted to ruling aristocrats, actually, it spread far and wide, through the sub-continent, amongst various social strata i.e. peasants, artisans, warriors, merchants, etc.
All those who adopted Islam accepted the five pillars of this religion. These are:
(1) There is one God, Allah and Prophet Muhammad is his messenger (Shahada).
(2) Offering prayers five times a day (namaz/ salat).
(3) Giving alms (Zakat).
(4) Fasting during the month of Ramzan (Sawm).
(5) Performing the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj.
The universal features were often overlaid with diversities in practice derived from affiliations (Sunni, Shia) and local customary practices to convert from different social backgrounds. For example, Arab Muslim traders adopted local customs such, as matriliny and matrilocal residence. There was also a difference in the architecture of the mosque due to the change of regions.

Section- D (12 marks)

Question 31.

Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]

This is an excerpt from the Prayaga Prashasti:
He was without an antagonist on earth; he, by the overflowing of the multitude of (his) many good qualities adorned by hundreds of good actions, has wiped off the fame of other kings with the soles of (his) feet; (he is) Purusha (the Supreme Being), being the cause of the prosperity of the good and the destruction of the bad (he is) incomprehensible; (he is) one whose tender heart can be captured only by devotion and humility; (he is) possessed of compassion;

(he is) the given of many hundred-thousands of cows; (his) minds has received ceremonial initiation for the uplift of the miserable, the poor, the forlorn and the suffering; (he is) resplendent and embodied kindness to mankind; (he is) equal to (the gods) Kubera (the god of wealth), Varuna (the god of the).
(1) Give the meaning of Prashasti.
(2) ‘Samudragupta is compared to Gods.’ Justify the comparison.
(3) Name two sources used to reconstruct the history of the Gupta rulers.
Answer:
(1) Prashastis were inscriptions composed in praise of king by eminent poets.
(2) Rulers were compared to Gods and given divine status. By adopting high-sounding titles, rulers sought to gain legitimacy and exercise control over the subjects. The Prashasti equated the ruler to Kubera (the god of wealth), Varuna (the God of the ocean), Indra (the God of rains) and Yama (the God of death).
(3) Two sources are coins and inscriptions. Some of the most spectacular gold coins were made by the Gupta rulers. Inscriptions found on stone and copper plants throw light about the Gupta rulers.

Question 32.

Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]

This is an excerpt from a poem by Karaikkal Ammaiyar in which she describes herself:
The female Pay (demoness) with bulging veins, protruding eyes, white teeth and shrunken stomach, red-haired and jutting teeth lengthy shins extending till the ankles, shouts, and wails while wandering the forest. This is the forest of Alankatu, which is the home of our father (Shiva) who dances with his matted hair thrown in all eight directions, and with cool limbs.
(1) Analyze how KaraikkalAmmaiyar had differently depicted herself from the traditional nature of beauty.
(2) Analyze how this composition of Ammaiyar pose a challenge to patriarchal norms.
(3) Analyze any two aspects of renunciation of her social obligations.
Answer:
(1) She had depicted herself as a demoness with bulging vein, protruding eyes, white teeth and a shrunken stomach.
(2) According to patriarchal norms, a woman is supposed to be a goddess, delicate, beautiful and bearer of home. By not following these norms and depicting herself as a demoness, she has posed a challenge to the patriarchal norms.
(3) Two aspects are wandering in forests and dancing like Shiva with cool limbs.

Question 33.

Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]

“The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief behind”
It is no use saying that we ask for separate electorates because it is good for us. We have heard it long enough. We have heard it for years, and as a result of this agitation we are now a separate nation Can you show me one free country where there are separate electorates is going to be persisted in, even after the division of the country, woe betide the country; it is not worth living in.

Therefore, I say, it is not for my good alone, it is for your own good that I say it, forget the past. One day, we may be muted The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief behind. We do not want to perpetuate that mischief. (Hear, hear). When the British introduced this element they had not expected that they will have to go so soon. They wanted it for their easy administration. That is all right. But they have left the legacy behind. Are we to get out of it or not?
(1) Why are separate electorates considered as mischief?
(2) State the arguments given by Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel for building political unity and forging a nation.
(3) How did the philosophy of separate electorates result in a separate nation?
Answer:
(1) Separate electorate was considered as mischief because:

• It was like a poison that had entered into politics.
• The demand had turned one community against another.
• It caused bloodshed, civil war, riots.
• It divided the nation.

(2) Building political unity and forging a nation:

• He considered a separate electorate as poison.
• For the good of the country, it should not be followed.
• It was necessary for the maintenance of peace that this system is not followed.
• In order to build a strong nation every individual must be molded as a citizen and assimilated within the nation.
• For political unity assimilation is a must but the feeling of separatists is not good.

(3) Philosophy of Separate Electorate:

• It turned one community against another and caused lot of bloodsheds.
• Separatist feelings were cultivated by the British for their selfish ends.
• Communal hatred led to the tragic partition.
• It led to the isolation of minorities and the eventual partition

Section – E (5 Marks)

Question 34.
On the given political outline map of India, locate and label the following appropriately: [5]
(a) Delhi- an important center of the Revolt of 1857.
(b) Goa- a territory under Aurangzeb’s reign.
(c) Madhya Pradesh- A state under Chandragupta Maurya
OR
Topra: A place in Haryana
(ii) On the same political outline map of India, two places which are sites of the Ashokan pillar inscriptions have been marked as A and B. Identify them and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them.

Answer: