NCERT Exemplar Class 6 Science Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

NCERT Exemplar Class 6 Science Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings are part of NCERT Exemplar Class 6 Science. Here we have given NCERT Exemplar Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings.

NCERT Exemplar Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

Multiple  Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which of the following cannot be called a habitat?
(a) A desert with camels
(b) A pond with fishes
(c) A jungle with wild animals
(d) Cultivated land with grazing cattle
Solution:
(d) : The actual place in the environment where organisms live is their habitat. Cultivated land is not the actual place where grazing cattle live.
Habitat is the natural environment where an organism lives. Habitat provides an organism everything it needs to survive i.e., food, shelter and proper climatic conditions.

Question 2.
Following are some features of plants.
(i) They lose a lot of water through transpiration.
(ii) Their leaves are always broad and flat.
(iii) They lose very little water through transpiration.
(iv) Their roots grow very deep into the soil.
Which of the combination of above features are typical of desert plants?
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
Solution:
(d) : Typical desert plants (e.g. cactus) are adapted to live in hot and dry conditions of desert. Leaves of these plants are very small or reduced to spines to reduce water loss through transpiration and roots of these plants grow deep into soil for absorbing water.

Question 3.
Boojho comes across an animal having a stream-lined and. slippery body. What is the habitat of the animal?
(a) Water
(b) Desert
(c) Grassland
(d) Mountain
Solution:
(a) : Streamlined body shape reduces resistance while swimming in water and slippery body easily flow in the water which prevents damaging of body.

Question 4.
Which of the following are characteristics of living beings?
(i) Respiration
(ii) Reproduction
(iii) Adaptation
(iv) Excretion
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv) only
(b) (i) and (ii) only
(c) (ii) and (iv) only
(d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Solution:
(d): Respiration is necessary for all living organisms. It is through respiration that the body finally obtains energy from the food it takes. Living things produce offspring of their own kind through reproduction. Living beings adapt to the changes in surroundings. Those animals and plants which cannot adapt to changes die out, and only the adapted ones survive. The body of a living organism produces wastes during life processes. These wastes are removed and the process of getting rid of these wastes by the living organism is known as excretion.

Question 5.
Earthworms breathe through their
(a) skin
(b) gills
(c) lungs
(d) stomata.
Solution:
(a): Earthworms lack specialised breathing organs. Breathing occurs in earthworms through moist body surface. Gills are generally present in aquatic animals for respiration (e.g. fish). Lungs are present in land animals (e.g. mammals) for respiration. Exchange of gases in plants takes place through stomata.

Question 6.
Which of the following is not an example of response to stimulus?
(a) Watering in mouth when we see delicious food items.
(b) Closing of leaves of Mimosa plant when touched.
(c) Shutting our eyes when an object is suddenly thrown in our direction.
(d) A chick hatching out of an egg.
Solution:
(d)

Question 7.
Which of the following is correct for respiration in plants?
(a) Respiration takes place only during day time.
(b) Respiration takes place only during night.
(c) Respiration takes place both during day and night.
(d) Respiration takes place only when plants are not making food.
Solution:
(c): Respiration is the process in which organic substances are broken down to simpler products with the release of energy. It takes place both during day and night.

Question 8.
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about excretion?
(a) Excretion takes place in plants.
(b) Excretion takes place both in plants and animals.
(c) Excretion is the process of getting rid of excess water only.
(d) Secretion is one method of excretion.
Solution:
(c): Excretion is the elimination of waste products which include water, carbon dioxide and nitrogenous compounds. During various life processes occuring in an organism’s body, waste products are produced which are removed from the body in the form of urine, sweat and exhaled air.

Question 9.
Choose the set that represents only the biotic components of a habitat.
(a) Tiger, Deer, Grass, Soil
(b) Rocks, Soil, Plants, Air
(c) Sand, Turtle, Crab, Rocks
(d) Aquatic plant, Fish, Frog, Insect
Solution:
(d): Aquatic plant, fish, frog, insect are biotic components or living components of environment whereas soil, rocks, air and sand are the non-living components or abiotic components. So only set (d) has all the living or biotic components.

Question 10.
Which one of the following is not associated with reproduction?
(a) A new leaf coming out of a tree branch.
(b) A dog giving birth to puppy.
(c) A seed growing into a plant.
(d) Chick hatching from an egg.
Solution:
(a): Reproduction is a biological process by which an organism produces young ones (offsprings) of its own kind. It is one of the most important characteristics of the living organisms. A new leaf coming out of a tree branch is vegetative growth in plants, it is not related to reproduction. A dog, a seed and an egg produce puppy, plant and chick respectively, and thus are associated with reproduction.

Question 11.
Choose the odd one out from below with respect to reproduction.
(a) Eggs of hen
(b) Seeds of plants
(c) Buds of potato
(d) Roots of mango tree
Solution:
(d): Roots of mango tree are vegetative parts of tree, which have no role in reproduction. Eggs of hen and seeds of plants are products of reproduction. Buds of potato are vegetative reproductive parts that can form new plants.

Question 12.
Although organisms die, their kind continue to live on earth. Which characteristic of living organisms makes this possible?
(a) Respiration
(b) Reproduction
(c) Excretion
(d) Movement
Solution:
(b): Reproduction is a biological process by which an organism produces young ones (offspring) of its own kind. It is one of the most important characteristic of the living organisms by which continuity of life is maintained.

Question 13.
If you happen to go to a desert, what changes do you expect to observe in the urine you excrete? You would
(i) excrete small amount of urine
(ii) excrete large amount of urine
(iii) excrete concentrated urine
(iv) excrete very dilute urine.
Which of the above would hold true?
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (ii)
Solution:
(a) Excreting small amount of concentrated urine helps to conserve water in the body. Humans adapt to desert environment by excreting small amount of water.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 14.
Unscramble the given words below to get the correct word using the clues given against them.

(a)	SATPADAOINT	Specific features or certain habits which enable a living being to live in its surroundings
(b)	RETECOXNI	Waste products are removed by this process
(c)	LUMISIT	All living things respond to these
(d)	ROUCDPRENTOI	Because of this we find organisms of the same kind

Solution:
(a) ADAPTATIONS
(b) EXCRETION
(c) STIMULI
(d) REPRODUCTION

Question 15.
Using the following words, write the habitat of each animal given in Fig. 9.1 (a to d).
[Grassland, Mountain, Desert, Pond, River]

Solution:
(a) Grassland
(b) Animal given in picture is red-eyed tree frog, that lives in tropical rain forest (not in a pond).
(c) Mountain
(d) Desert

Question 16.
Classify the following habitats into terrestrial and aquatic types.
[Grassland, Pond, Ocean, Rice field]
Solution:
Terrestrial habitats – Grassland, Rice field
Aquatic habitats – Pond, Ocean

Question 17.
Why is reproduction important for organisms?
Solution:
Reproduction is very important for living organisms as it helps them to produce young ones of their own kind and maintains the continuity of life.

Question 18.
Fill in the blanks.
(a) Saline water, hot air and sand are _____ components of a habitat.
(b) The habitat of plants and animals that live _______ in is called the aquatic habitat.
(c) ____ enable a plant or an animal to live in its surroundings.
(d) Plants and animals that live on land are said to live in ______ habitats.
Solution:
(a) abiotic ( non-living)
(b) water
(c) Adaptations
(d) terrestrial

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 19.
Paheli has a rose plant in her garden. Flow can she increase the number of rose plants in the garden?
Solution:
Paheli can increase the number of rose plants in the garden by planting stem cuttings of rose plant. It is a common method of plant propagation in which 20-30 cm long pieces of one year old stems are cut and their lower ends are planted in the soil.

Question 20.
Why do desert snakes burrow deep into the sand during the day?
Solution:
As the deeper layers of sand are cooler, so desert snakes burrow deep into the sand to stay away from heat of the desert during day time.

Question 21.
Write the adaptation in aquatic plants due to
which
(a) submerged leaves can bend in the flowing water.
(b) leaves can float on the surface of water.
Solution:
(a) Submerged leaves are long narrow and ribbon – like which can easily bend in flowing water and withstand water currents without getting damaged, e.g., tape grass.
(b) Stems/stalks of floating leaves are long, hollow and light which help the leaves to float over water surface.

Question 22.
Mention one adaptation present in the following animals.
(a) In camels to keep their bodies away from the heat of sand.
(b) In frogs to enable them to swim.
(c) In dolphins and whales to breathe in air when they swim near the surface of water.
Solution:
(a) Long legs of camel help to keep the upper part of the body away from the heat of the sand on the ground.
(b) Webbed feet enable frog to swim in water.
(c) Blow holes present in dolphins and whales help them to breathe in air when they swim near the surface of water.

Question 23.
Some desert plants have very small leaves whereas some others have only spines. How does this benefit the plants?
Solution:
Small leaves and spines are modifications of leaves, which are adaptations of plants to live in desert habitat. In these modifications the surface of leaf lamina is reduced thereby reducing water loss by transpiration.

Question 24.
What are the specific features present in a deer that helps it to detect the presence of predators like lion?
Solution:
Specific features present in deer that help them to detect the presence of predators like lion are:
(i) Long ears to hear and recognise movement of predators.
(ii) Eyes on the sides of its head which allow it to look in all directions.

Question 25.
Read the features of plants given below.
(a) Thick waxy stem
(b) Short roots
(c) Cone shaped plants
(d) Sloping branches
(e) Small or spine-like leaves
(f) Hollow stem
Choose the type of plant for every feature given in a, b, c, d, e and f from the list given below. Aquatic plant, Desert plant, Mountainous plant
Solution:
(a) Desert plant
(b) Aquatic plant
(c) Mountainous plant
(d) Mountainous plant
(e) Desert plant
(f) Aquatic plant

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 26.
Like many animals although a car also moves still it is not considered as a living organism. Give 2-3 reasons.
Solution:
Car is not considered as a living organism because of the following reasons:

1. All living organisms are made up of cells. Cell is the smallest unit of living organism. Car is not made up of cells.
2. Living organisms have the ability to sense their surroundings or environment and respond to environmental stimuli such as, light, temperature, water, pollutants etc. Car does not show response to stimuli.
3. Growth is an increase in the size of organisms. In living organisms growth is permanent and irreversible. Car does not show irreversible and permanent growth.

Question 27.
What are the adaptive features of a lion that helps it in hunting?
Solution:
Adaptive features of a lion that help it in hunting are as follows :

1.  Brown body colour helps it to hide in dry grassland for avoiding detection by its prey.
2.  Eyes placed in front allow it to know the exact location and movements of its prey.
3.  Strong paws, sharp teeth and long claws help it to catch and kill the prey.

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