Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science

Social Economics CBSE Class 10 Understanding Economic Development VSAQ

Q.1. What is development ?
Ans. It is a comprehensive term which includes increase in real per capita income, improvement in living standard of people, reduction in poverty etc.

Q.2. Mention any two developmental goals of a landless rural labourer.
Ans. (i) More days of work and better wages.
(ii) Quality education for his children.

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Q.3. Mention any two developmental goals of a girl.
Ans. (i) Gender equality
(ii) Girls empowerment

Q.4. What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for other. Give one example.
Ans. Construction of a dam may be good for a industrialist as he will get more electricity but construction of dam submerge’ the land and disrupt the lives of people who are displaced.

Q.5. Mention any two developmental goals of people other than income.
Ans. (i) Equal treatment (ii) Respect of others

Q.6. Mention any two developmental goals of a rural women.
Ans. (i) Dignity in the household.
(ii) A safe and secure environment.

Q.7. What is national development ? [CBSE 2014]
Ans. National development is a comprehensive term which includes improvement in living standard . of the people, increase in per capita income, providing social amenities like education, medical care, social services, etc. to the citizens of the country.

Q.8. Mention any two national development goals of India.
Ans. (i) Corruption free society.
(ii) High per capita income.

Q.9. Which is the most important attribute for national development?
Ans. National income or per capita income of the nation.

Q.10. ‘For comparing countries, total income or national income is not a useful measure. Give reason.
Ans. Since countries have different population, comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn.

Q.11. What is average income or per capita income ? [CBSE 2014]
Ans. When the total national income is divided by the total population, it is called the per capita income.
Per Capita Income = National Income / Population

Q.12. What is the most important component for comparing different countries? [CBSE 2010, 12]
Ans. Per capita income.

Q.13. Which criteria is used by the World Bank to classify different countries?
Ans. Per capita income.

Q.14. Which countries have been categorised as rich countries according to the World Development Report ? [CBSE 2014]
Ans. Countries with per capita income of US $ 12276 per annum and above in 2010 are called rich countries.

Q.15. Which countries have been categorised as low income countries according to World Development Report ?
Ans. Countries with per capita income of US $ 1005 or less are called low income countries.

Q.16. Under which category India has been placed by the World Bank Development Report ?
Ans. Low middle income countries as India’s per capita income is less than JUS $ 1005. or less.

Q.17. What are developed countries according to World Development Report ?
Ans. All the countries excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries which have per capita income of US $ 12276 per annum or above have been termed as developed countries.

Q.18. What is Infant Mortality Rate ? [CBSE 2009, 2013 (D)]
Ans. It indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children bom in that particular year.

Q.19. What is Literacy Rate ? [CBSE 2009 (D)]
Ans. It measures the proportion of literate population in the seven and above age group.

Q.20. What is Net Attendance ratio ? [CBSE 2014]
Ans. It is the total number of children of the age group 6-10, attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

Q.21. What is Gross Enrolment Ratio ?
Ans. It is the enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and higher education.

Q.22. Which Indian state has the lowest Infant Mortality Rate ?
Ans. Kerala.

Q.23. Why Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate ? [CBSE 2008, 2013 (F)]
Ans. Kerala has low IMR because :
(i) It has very high literacy rate and literate people take care of their children better as compared to illiterate.
(ii) Literate people also have high earning capacity so they can afford basic necessities for their children.

Q.24. Mention any two things which money cannot buy.
Ans. (i) Peace (ii) Freedom

Q.25. What is Public Distribution System ?
Ans. It is a food security programme under which government provide foodgrains and other essential items to the poor at an affordable price.

Q.26. What is Human Development Index ?
Ans. It is an index prepared by the World Bank Under which all the nations of the world are indexed or ranked according to their performance in various parameters like per ‘—’capita income, life expectancy, literacy rate etc.

Q.27. What are the three components of human Development Index ?
Ans. (i) Per Capita Income
(ii) Life Expectancy
(iii) Literacy Rate

Q.28. What is India’s rank according to 2013 HDI ?
Ans. 136

Q.29. Mention any two parameters where Sri Lanka has scored over India in HDI.
Ans. (i) Per capita income
(ii) Literacy rate

Q.30. Define life expectancy. [CBSE 2013]
Ans. Average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth.

Q.31. What is life expectancy in India ?
Ans. 65.8 years

Q.32. What is Sustainable Development ?
Ans. Sustainable development is that process of economic development which aims at maintaining the quality of life of both the present and the future generations without harming the natural resources and environment.

Q.33. What are non-renewable resources ? Give one example.
Ans. “Non-renewable resources are the natural resources that cannot be replaced at all or within a reasonable time.” Fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal are examples of non-renewable resources. These resources accumulated over millions of years.

Q.34. Name the region of world which has large crude oil reserves.
Ans. Middle East.