Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science with Solutions Set 7 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Set 7 with Solutions
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions :
All the questions are compulsory.
- Question numbers 1-12 are multiple choice questions of one mark each.
- Question numbers 13-18 are of 2 marks each. Answers to these questions should not exceed 50 words each.
- Question numbers 19-23 are of 4 marks each. Answers to these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
- Question numbers 24-26 are passage, cartoon and map-based questions. Answer accordingly.
- Question numbers 27-30 are of 6 marks each. Answers to these questions should not exceed 170 words.
Section – A (12 Marks)
Question 1.
India signed a Treaty of Friendship with in August 1971. [1]
(A) USSR
(B) China
(C) USA
(D) Britain
Answer:
(A) USSR
Explanation: The Treaty of Friendship between India and the Soviet was signed in the year 1971.
Question 2.
Which statement among the following is wrong in the context of Soviet economy? [1]
(A) Socialism was the dominant ideology.
(B) State ownership/control existed over the factors of production.
(C) People enjoyed economic freedom.
(D) Every aspect of the economy was planned and controlled by the state.
Answer:
(C) People enjoyed economic freedom.
Explanation: Under the Soviet economic system the people did not enjoy any sort of economic freedom and were under the control of the state.
Question 3.
The first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India was. [1]
(A) Sardar Patel
(B) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(C) Abdul Ghaffar Khan
(D) C.R. Das
Answer:
(A) Sardar Patel
Explanation: The first Home Minister and the Deputy Prime Minister of India was Sardar Patel.
Question 4.
The parent company of Amul is ____________ [1]
(A) Gujarat Co-operative Milk and Marketing Federation Ltd.
(B) Rajasthan Co-operative Milk and Marketing Federation Ltd.
(C) Madhya Pradesh Co-operative Milk and Marketing Federation Ltd.
(D) Surat Co-operative Milk and Marketing Federation Ltd.
Answer:
(A) Gujarat Co-operative Milk and Marketing Federation Ltd.
Explanation: The parent company of the famous milk brand Amul was Gujarat Co-operative Milk and Marketing Federation Ltd.
Assertion Reason Questions: Directions for Q.Nos. 5 and 6
In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read these statements and choose one correct answer from the given options-
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(B) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(C) A is true but R is false
(D) A is false, but R is true
Question 5.
Assertion (A): The Maoist movements started from the regions of West Bengal. [1]
Reason (R): The Maoist movements expanded to Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false
Explanation: The beginning of the Maoist movement took place from the Naxalbari village in Darjeeling, West Bengal. It did not spread to states of Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Question 6.
Assertion (A): The communist leaders in India were willing to support the British in World War II.
Reason (R): The political ideology of Communists and Bhartiya Jana Sangh was the same. [1]
Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false
Explanation: The Communist party was in support of the British during the World War II as it was against the ideology of Fascism. However, its ideology was completely different from Bharatiya Jana Sangh.
Question 7.
Which conference led to the establishment of NAM? [1]
(A) Istanbul Conference
(B) Bandung Conference
(C) Cairo Conference
(D) Minsk Conference
Answer:
(B) Bandung Conference
Explanation: The first informal conference of the NAM took place in the place called Bandung. However, the first official meeting of the bloc took place in Belgrade in Serbia.
Question 8.
Which of the following leaders gave the following slogans: Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan. [1]
(A) Lai Bahadur Shastri
(B) Jawahar Lai Nehru
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) Morarji Desai
Answer:
(A) Lai Bahadur Shastri
Explanation: Lal Bahadur Shastri after becoming the Prime Minister of India gave the slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kisan.
Question 9.
What was the programme launched by congress under the leadership of Indira Gandhi to restore economic and political peace? [1]
(A) 5-point programme
(B) 10-point programme
(C) 15-point programme
(D) 20-point programme
Answer:
(D) 20-point programme
Explanation: Indira Gandhi’s government launched the twenty-point programme to bring reforms to different sectors of the economy in India.
Question 10.
Under the leadership of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed and a coalition with Congress, which of the following political party formed government in the 2002 in Jammu and Kashmir. [1]
(A) National Conference
(B) People’s Democratic Party
(C) People Party
(D) Trinamool Congress
Answer:
(B) People’s Democratic Party
Explanation: The Congress and PDP formed the coalition government in Jammu and Kashmir in the year 2002
Question 11.
The Commission had recommended reservation for OBCs in Central and State governments. [1]
(A) S.K Dhar
(B) Mandal
(C) K.C. Neogy
(D) Rajmannar
Answer:
(B) Mandal
Explanation: The Mandal Commission recommended to provide 27 percent reservation to the OBCs which was accepted by the V.P. Singh government.
Question 12.
____________ was the name given to the voluntary service rendered by the devotees for building Ram Temple in Ayodhya. [1]
(A) Karseva
(B) Danseva
(C) Karmseva
(D) Dharamseva
Answer:
(A) Karseva
Explanation: The people who went to the Ayodhya during the rath yatra led by the BJP were known as the Karsevaks.
Section – B (12 Marks)
Question 13.
What are the three components of globalisation? [2]
Answer:
The worldwide interconnectedness implies to interlink the world through free flow of goods and services, technology, ideas and people across the globe to extend globalisation. This contains three components:
(1) Capital flow: It is the flow of resources through loans or business investments among the countries.
(2) Trade flow: It refers to exchange of goods among countries.
(3) Labour flow: It refers to ‘brain drain’ by creating favourable conditions for employment.
Question 14.
Mention any two challenges that India faced just after independence. [2]
Answer:
Shape a nation that was united yet accommodative of the diversity in our society. To establish democracy.
To ensure development and well-being of the entire society.
Question 15.
Mention any two/four Directive Principles of State Policy for the promotion of international peace and security.
Answer:
Directive Principles of State Policy for the promotion of international peace and security: The state shall endeavour to:
(1) Promote international peace and security.
(2) Maintain just and honourable relations between nations.
(3) Foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised people with one another.
(4) Encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitrations.
Question 16.
Who was Sheikh Mujibur Rehman? [2]
Answer:
Sheikh Mujibur Rehman was the founding leader of Bangladesh. He served twice as the country’s President and was its strongman premier between 1972 and 1975. Rehman was the leader of the Awami League. He is popularly known as the Bangabandhu (Friend of Bengal). He is credited as the central figure in Bangladesh’s liberation movement and is considered the founding father of Bangladesh. His daughter Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
Question 17.
What is UNICEF? What are some of its functions? [2]
Answer:
The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) was established in 1946 by the United Nations General Assembly as a body whose main task was to collect emergency funds for children and to help in their development work all across the world. Apart from this, UNICEF helps and encourages the works that promote children’s health and better life in all parts of the world.
Question 18.
Why developing nations were given exemptions from the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol? [2]
Answer:
The parties to the Protocol agreed that the largest share of global emissions of greenhouse gases has originated in developed countries. It was acknowledged that per capita emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide was still relatively low in developing countries. Therefore, developing countries such as India and China were exempted from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol.
Section – C (20 Marks)
Question 19.
Describe any four steps taken by Indira Gandhi to implement the ‘Garibi Hatao’ Programme. [4]
Answer:
Following were the steps taken by Indira Gandhi to implement the Garibi Hatao Programme:-
(1) Job opportunities were provided to the public in very easy steps, so as to increase the financial power of unemployed people. This reduced unemployment in the nation.
(2) Garibi Hatao was also added into the 4th five years plan of government. In this way, this policy became the supreme motive of the government.
(3) This programme was designed to reach out directly to poor and marginalised. The mediators in the system were removed.
(4) This policy promoted the educational, employment and economic interest of the weaker sections of the people particularly the SCs, STs and the OBCs.
Question 20.
Describe terrorism as a new source of threat to security. [4]
Answer:
Terrorism as a Threat:
Terrorism refers to political violence that targets innocent civilians deliberately and indiscriminately. It involves citizens or territory of more than one country. Terrorist groups seek to change a political context or condition that they do not like. They do it by force or threat of force.Civilians targets are usually chosen to terrorise the public and to use the unhappiness of the public as a weapon against national governments or other parties in conflict. Classic cases of terrorism involve hijacking planes, planting bombs in trains, cafes, markets and crowded places.
Question 21.
Highlight any four consequences of the partition of India in 1947. [4]
Answer:
The partition was an abrupt, unwanted, painful transfer of population that had the following consequences:
(1) In the name of religion, people from communities started killing and maiming each other. Places like Kolkata, Amritsar, Lahore became divided into communal zones.
(2) Minorities on both sides fled their homes to seek refuge in refugee camps. They found unhelpful police and administration in what was until recently their own country.
(3) Women were abducted, many were raped, killed, looted, forced to marry and women were also forced to convert to another religion. Children were separated from their parents and families.
(4) Writers, novelists, filmmakers, etc. have recorded the experiences of partition in short stories,novels, documentaries, etc. They have used the phrase used by survivors to describe partition,that is, A Division of Hearts’.
Question 22.
Examine the conditions responsible for the growth of Naxalite movement in India. Suggest ways and means to crush it. [4]
Answer:
The Naxalites are the followers of the policies of Marx and Lenin and particularly active in the states of West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, etc.
(1) There was an uprising among the agricultural peasants of Naxalbari Station (West Bengal) in 1967.
(2) It soon spread to the neighbouring regions. The movement gave rise to the formation of a new political party CPI (ML) under Charu Majumdar.
(3) The majorly affected areas were the backward and tribal areas of these regions. Presently, the movement has taken the shape of violence, exploitation, forced labour,etc.
(4) Although the Naxalites are not directly involved in Indian politics yet they are fairly in connection with the system through parties like CPI (ML).
Question 23.
Why did the Anandpur Sahib Resolution become controversial? [4]
Answer:
The Anandpur Sahib Resolution became controversial due to:
There was no popular support for Akali Dal and its resolutions. The Akali Dal government got dismissed in 1980s. The Akali Dal government started a movement for the distribution of water of rivers between Punjab and other neighbouring states. At a later stage, the movement was taken over by extremists and insurgents who posed a threat to the security of the country.
Section – D (12 Marks)
Question 24.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Article 244 of the Indian Constitution relates to the Administration of Scheduled areas and tribal areas. Analyse the impact of non implementation of the provisions of the fifth schedule on the growth of Left Wing Extremism. The persisting drives of the government for the development of large industries in backward areas have resulted in isolating the tribal population and the farmers who face multiple displacements with Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the corrective strategies needed to win the Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine affected citizens back into the mainstream of social and economic growth.
India’s proximity to two of the world’s biggest illicit opium growing states has enhanced her internal security concerns. Data security has assumed significant importance in the digitized world due to rising cybercrimes. The Justice B.N. Srikrishna Committee Report addresses issues related to data security. What, in your view, are the strengths and weakness of the Report relating to the protection of personal data in cyberspace?
(i) What is Article 244?
(A) It is to counter growing terrorism and anti-social activities in India
(B) It is about Administration of Scheduled areas and tribal areas
(C) It is to counter the problem of extremism
(D) None of the above
(ii) What is the result of large scale industrialisation in backward areas?
(A) Isolation of the tribal people
(B) Resulted in the exhaustion of the natural resources of these areas
(C) Resulted in a threat to the livelihood of the tribal people
(D) All of the above
(iii) What has raised security concerns for India?
(A) Communalism
(B) Extremism
(C) India’s proximity to opium growing states
(D) All of the above
(iv) Which committee’s report addresses the issues related to data security?
(A) Mandal committee
(B) B.N. Srikrishna Committee
(C) Shrinivasan Committee
(D) Cyber Crime Committee
Answer:
(i) (B) It is about Administration of Scheduled areas and tribal areas
(ii) (D) All of the above
(iii) (D) All of the above
(iv) (B) B.N. Srikrishna Committee
Question 25.
In the given outline map of India, five states have been marked as (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify them on the basis of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book with their respective serial number of the information used and the alphabet concerned as per the following format: [4]
(i) The State from which Haryana was carved out.
(ii) The State which was created in 1963.
(iii) The State which was formed by separating Telugu speaking areas from Madras (now Tamil Nadu).
(iv) The State where the Communist Party Government was formed in 1957
| Sr. Number for the information used | Alphabet concerned | Name of the state |
| (i) | ||
| (H) | ||
| (iii) | ||
| (iv) |
Answer:
Corresponding Numbers Answers Corresponding alphabets
(i) Punjab C
(ii) Nagaland A
(iii) Andhra Pradesh D
(iv) Kerala B
Question 26.
Study the given Cartoon and answer the questions that follow: [4]
(i) During whose rule Pakistan faced Bangladesh crises?
(A) General Ayub Khan
(B) General Yahya Khan
(C) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(D) Benazir Bhutto
(ii) How long Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government lasted?
(A) 1971 to 1988
(B) 1971 to 1976
(C) 1971 to 1977
(D) 1971 to 1973
(iii) Who removed Bhutto’s Government.? When?
(A) General Zia-ul-Haq, 1977
(C) Benazir Bhutto, 1976
(B) General Yahya Khan, 1990
(D) Asif Ali Zardari, 2000
(iv) Who took over power from Nawaz Sharif?
(A) Asif Ali Zardari
(B) Benazir Bhutto
(C) General Musharraf
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(i) (B) General Yahya Khan
(ii) (C) 1971 to 1977
(iii) (A) General Zia-ul-Haq, 1977
(iv) (C) General Musharraf
Section – E (24 Marks)
Question 27.
What was Shock therapy? Was this the best way to make a transition from communism to capitalism? [6]
OR
Explain the US hegemony as structural power with the help of any two suitable examples
Answer:
Shock-Therapy was a painful transition which came into existence after the collapse of communism in many communist countries. The Shock-Therapy was a painful process of transition from an authoritarian socialist system to a democratic capitalist system. The model of transition in Russia, Central Asia and east Europe was influenced by the World Bank and the IMF.
This therapy varied intensity and speed amongst the former second world countries, but its direction and features were quite similar. No, the Shock Therapy was not the best way to make a transition from communism to capitalism because of the following reasons.
Each of the countries involved in the Shock Therapy was required to make a total shift to a capitalist economy, which meant rooting out completely any structures evolved during the Soviet period. Shock therapy also involved a drastic change in the external orientation of the countries involved.
The transition also involved a breakup of the existing trade alliances among the countries of the Soviet bloc. In Russia, the large state-controlled industrial complex of about 90 % of its industries were put up for sale to private individuals and companies. As the work of the restructuring was carried out through market forces and not by government directed industrial policies, it led to the virtual disappearance of entire industries and this was called ‘the largest garage sale in history’.
The value of the ruble, the Russian currency, declined drastically. The high rate of inflation forced the people to lose all their savings. The old system of social welfare was systematically destroyed. The withdrawal of government subsidies rendered poverty to large sections of the people. The middle classes were pushed to the periphery of society and the academic and intellectual manpower disintegrated or migrated. A Mafia came into existence into many countries and started controlling many economic activities.
Privatisation led to new economic disparities, post-Soviet states were divided between rich and poor regions. The above-mentioned points are sufficient to illustrate that the Shock Therapy was not the best way to make a transition from communism to capitalism. It failed to lead the people into the promised utopia of mass consumption.
OR
Hegemony as Structural Power: This notion emerges from a particular understanding of the world economy. The basic idea is that an open world economy requires a hegemony or dominant power to support its creation and existence. The hegemony must possess both the ability and the desire to establish certain norms for order and must sustain the global structure. Hegemony in this sense is reflected in the role played by the US in providing global public goods.
The best example of a global public good is sea-lanes of communication (SLOCs), the sea routes commonly used by merchant ships. Internet is also an example of global public good. Internet is a direct outcome of a US military research project that began in 1950. Even today, the Internet relies on a global network of satellites, most of which are owned by the US Government
Question 28.
Assess the three major factors responsible for the rise of the Chinese economy. [6]
OR
How is South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) a major regional initiative by South Asian States to evolve cooperation through multilateral means? Explain
Answer:
(1) China has been the fastest growing economy.
(2) Biggest population in the world.
(3) Land reforms and the resources have also promoted Chinese economy.
(4) The Soviet model, along with Soviet aid and advise, aimed at creating state owned heavy industries from the capital accumulated from agriculture sector.
(5) China decided to substitute imports by domestic goods.
Detailed Answer:
After the inception of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, following the communist revolution under the leadership of Mao, its economy was based on the Soviet model. The economically backward communist China chose to severe its links with the capitalist world. The model was to create a state owned heavy industries sector from the capital accumulated from agriculture. As it was short of foreign exchange that it needed in order to buy technology and goods on the world market, China decided to substitute imports by domestic goods.
The model allowed China to use its resources to establish the foundations of an industrial economy on a scale that did not exist before.
The Chinese leadership took major policy decisions in the 1970s. China ended its political and economic isolation with establishment of relations with the United States in 1972. Premier Zhou Enlai proposed the ‘four modernisations’ in the field of agriculture, industry, science and technology and military in 1973.
By 1978, the then leader Deng Xiaoping announced the ‘open door’ policy and economic reforms in China. The policy was expected generate higher productivity by investments of capital and technology from abroad. China followed its own path in introducing a market economy. The Chinese did not go for ‘Shock Therapy’ but opened their economy step by step. The privatisation of agriculture was followed by the privatisation of industry in 1998. Trade barriers were removed only in Special Economic Zones where foreign investors could setup enterprises.
In China, the state played and continues to play a central role in setting up a market economy. All these factors helped the Chinese economy to break from stagnation. Privatisation in agriculture led to a remarkable rise in agricultural production and rural incomes. The Chinese economy, including both industry and agriculture, grew at a faster rate. The new trading laws and the creation of Special Economic Zones led to a phenomenal rise in foreign trade.
OR
Despite many difficulties and conflicts, the states of South Asia recognise the importance of cooperation and friendly relationship, among themselves. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is a major regional initiative by the South Asian states to evolve cooperation through multilateral means. SAARC members signed the South Asian Free Trade (SAFTA) agreement which promised the formation of a free trade zone for the whole of South Asia.
A new phase of peace and cooperation might evolve in South Asia if all the countries in the regional low free trade across borders. This is the spirit behind the idea of SAFTA. Although India-Pakistan relations seem to be a story of endemic conflict and violence, there has been a series of efforts to manage tensions and build peace. The two countries have agreed to undertake confidence building measures to reduce the risk of war
Question 29.
Is Nepal on the path of democracy? [6]
OR
Explain the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka and any two consequences of it.
Answer:
Nepal was a Hindu kingdom in the past and then a constitutional monarchy in modern period for many years. The king with the help of the army, retained full control over the government and restricted the expansion of democracy in Nepal.
In the wake of strong pro-democracy movement, the king accepted the demand for a new democratic constitution in 1990. During the nineties, the Maoists of Nepal were successful in spreading their influence in many parts of Nepal. They believed in armed insurrection against the monarch and the ruling elite.
This resulted in a violent conflict between the Maoist guerrillas and the armed forces of the king. In 2002, the king abolished the parliament and dismissed the government, thus ending even the limited democracy that existed in Nepal. In April 2006, there were massive country wide, pro-democracy protests. This movement achieved their first major victory when the king was forced to restore the House of Representatives that had been dissolved in April 2002.
This Non-violent Movement was led by the Seven Party Alliance (SPA), the Maoists and social activities. Nepal’s transition to democracy is not complete. Maoists want the Constitution to include the radical programmes of social and economic restructuring. All the parties in the SPA may not agree with this programme.
OR
After its independence in 1948, politics in Sri Lanka was dominated by forces that represented the interest of the majority Sinhala community. Sinhala were hostile to a large number of Tamils who had migrated from India to Sri Lanka and settled there. The neglect of Tamil concerns led to militant Tamil nationalism.
From 1983 onwards, the militant organization, the Liberation Tiger of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) has been fighting an armed struggle with the army of Sri Lanka and demanding ‘Tamil Eelam’ or a separate country for the Tamils of Sri Lanka. In 1987, the Indian Government got directly involved in the Sri Lankan Tamil question. In 1989, the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) pulled out of Sri Lanka without attaining its objective. The principal players involved in the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka are Sinhala and Tamils who had migrated from India to Sri Lanka and settled there.
This migration continued even after independence. The Sinhala nationalists thought that the Sri Lanka should not give ‘concessions’ to the Tamils because Sri Lanka belongs to the Sinhala people only. The Sri Lankan crisis continues to be violent. But there is always a ray of hope. Both the communities should be regarded as the citizens of the country. Both the communities should work for the development of the country. The prospect of the resolution of this conflict is bright.
The consequences of the ethnic conflict in the country are:
(1) In spite of the ongoing conflict, Sri Lanka has registered considerable economic growth and recorded high levels of human development.
(2) Sri Lanka was one of the first developing countries to successfully control the rate of population.
Question 30.
What are the economic implications of globalisation? How has globalisation impacted India with regard to this particular dimension?[6]
OR
What are some of the cultural consequences of globalisation? [6]
Answer:
Economic implications of globalisation:
- It involves greater economic flows among various countries.
- It has enhanced trade in commodities among countries.
- The restrictions on the imports and movement of capital have also been reduced.
- This has spread internet and computer related services across national boundaries. Impact of globalisation on India:
- More new jobs have been created in the MNC dealing in cell phones, fast food, etc.
- India is playing a crucial role among developing countries in trade and commerce by making some companies multinational themselves, like Tata Motors, Ranbaxy, etc.
- Foreign direct investment has also been increased.
- It has invited the inflow of foreign capital and export-oriented activities.
OR
Cultural consequences refer to the impact of globalisation in what we eat, wear, drink, watch and think.
(1) The cultural effect of globalisation poses a threat to different cultures in the world other than western culture. There is a cultural homogenisation which means the rise of uniform culture, as we notice the popularity of American things like McDonalds, Pizza, KFC, Google, Blue jeans and Hollywood movies has spread across the globe.
(2) This is dangerous not only for poor countries but for the whole of humanity because it leads to the shrinking or extinction of the rich cultural heritage of the entire globe.
(3) But cultural consequences of globalisation are not always negative as sometimes external culture influences simply enlarge our choices and sometimes they modify our culture without overwhelming the traditional.
(4) The Maggi is no substitute for noodles and, therefore, does not pose any real challenge. Globalisation leads to each culture becoming more different and distinctive. This phenomenon is called cultural heterogenisation.