Category: Class7

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar – The Sentence

Definition of Sentence
A group of words that is arranged in a proper order and gives a complete meaning is called a sentence.
e.g.

1.  Delhi is the capital of India.
2.  Manohar is the captain of team.

Subject
A subject is a noun or pronoun that either does the work or about whom/which something is stated.
e.g.

1.  Ram is reading a book. (Subject)
   Here, Ram is the doer of the action as he is busy in reading his book. So, Ram is the subject.
2.  Peacock is a beautiful bird. (Subject)
   Here, something has been said about the beauty of the peacock. So, peacock is the subject.

Object
An object is a word which receives the effect of action done by the subject,
e.g.

1.  Leader has distributed blankets. (Object)
2.  Maya writes a poem. (Object)

Here, leader and Maya are the subjects who perfom the action of distributing and writing respectively. The nouns ‘blankets’ and ‘poem’ receive the effect of the action done by the subject.

Complement
Complement is a word or a group of words that adds more meaning to the subject or to the object.
e.g.

1.  John is playing football in the ground. (Complement)
2.  Vijay is going to library for books. (Complement)

The word or group of words indicated as complement adds up to the meaning of the subject or object. Earlier, we have studied what is a sentence. Now we shall learn about the parts of sentence and the types of sentence.

Types of Sentences
The following types of sentences are given below
Assertive or Declarative Sentences
Assertive sentences are the statements that give information about something or some action.
They are positive as well as negative.

Interrogative Sentences
Interrogative sentences are those sentences that make a question sense.
e.g.

1.  Do you read your book?
2.  What is your native language?

Note: An interrogative sentence always ends with a mark of interrogation (?). This is the way to identify the interrogative sentences.

Types of Interrogative Sentences
Interrogative sentences are of two types

1.  Yes/No Interrogatives These are closed ended interrogatives where the answers are in the form of yes or no.
   e.g.  (a) Have you got some time?
   Yes, I have.
   No, I have not.
   (b) Did you have your lunch?
   Yes, I had.
   No, I did not.
2.  ‘Wh’ Interrogatives These are the types of interrogatives that use ‘wh’ words with them. Wh, words are what, why, where, when, how.
   e.g. (a) Why are you crying?
   (b) When do we play?
   

Imperative Sentences
Imperative sentences are the sentences that express order command, instructions, advice and request.
They begin with a ‘verb’, e.g.

1.  Bring the paper.
2.  Stand in the queue.
3.  Take left for church.
4.  Practice Maths regularly.
5.  Help the needy and poor.

Exclamatory Sentences
Sentences that are used to show internal emotions or abstract feelings are exclamatory sentences,
e.g.

1.  Shit! I have done the wrong.
2.  Alas! She lost her mother.
3.  Bravo! The man showed courage.
4.  Hurrah! We conquered.

Note: Exclamatory sentences can be easily understood with the help of Words of exclamation.
(Words that show sudden or abstract feelings). Sign of exclamation (I).

Optative Sentences
Sentences that show wish, desire or entreaty are called optative sentences.
e.g.

1.  May God bless you.
2.  I wish I were a bird.
3.  May you achieve great success in your life.
4.  I wish we had studied earlier.

Interchange of Sentence

Interchange of Positive into Negative Sentence
When a positive sentence is to -be changed into negative then we should use ‘not’ between helping verb and the main verb of the sentence.
e.g.

1.  She was writing poems. (Positive)
   She was not writing poems. (Negative)
2.  I was playing cricket. (Positive)
   I was not playing cricket. (Negative)

Note: In simple present and simple past tenses there may be no helping verb and if it is the case then we use do/does/did as the helping verb in forming a negative statement.

Rule 1
If a sentence contains an amount or magnitude  or number of something then negative adding ‘no’. is made by
e.g.

1.  She has a car. (Positive)
   She has no car. (Negative)
2.  Puneet had some sugar. (Positive)
   Puneet had no sugar. (Negative)

Rule 2
When indefinite pronouns like somebody, someone, anybody or anyone are used then to make a negative sentence nobody or none is used.
e.g.

1.  Somebody has called you. (Positive)
   Nobody has called you. (Negative)
2.  Anybody can read a book. (Positive)
   Nobody can read a book. (Negative)

Rule 3
A positive sentence can be changed into negative by using another word which is the
antonym in the negative sentence.
e.g.

1.  Rahim is a good boy. (Positive)
   Rahim is a bad boy. (Negative)
2.  1 am fit for this job. (Positive)
   1 am unfit for this job. (Negative)

Rule 4
Positive sentence can be changed into negative by using ‘neither-nor’ also.
e.g.

1.  He is a poet and teacher. (Positive)
   He is neither a poet nor a teacher. (Negative)
2.  Mr John is the chairman and the secretary. (Positive)
   Mr John is neither the chairman nor the secretary. (Negative)

Interchange of Positive into Interrogative Sentence

Rule 1
A positive sentence can be changed into interrogative sentence by putting the helping verb before subject.
e.g.

1.  Children are playing. (Positive)
   Are children playing? (Interrogative)
2.  She had finished the work. (Positive)
   Had she finished the work? (Interrogative)

Rule 2
A positive sentence can be changed into an interrogative sentence by using ‘Wh’ words.
e.g.

1.  The baby is crying. (Positive)
   Why is the baby crying? (Interrogative)
2.  Farmers plough the field. (Positive)
   When do farmers plough the field? (Interrogative)

Parts of Sentence

Subject

•  Doer of action.
•  About whom/which something is said.
  

Predicate
The part of sentence that has a verb and that states something about the subject.

Practice Questions and Solutions

Question 1:
Identify subject, helping verb and verb in the following sentences.

1.  The Ganga is providing water for agriculture.
2.  Workmen work in their fields.
3.  Teacher teaches the pupils.
4.  They have completed the work.
5.  Was Seema busy with her friend?

Solution:

1. Subject – The Ganga
   Helping verb – is
   Verb – providing
2. Subject – Workmen
   Helping verb – X
   Verb – work
3. Subject – Teacher
   Helping verb – X
   Verb – teaches
4. Subject – They
   Helping verb – have
   Verb – completed
5.  Subject – Seema
   Helping verb – was
   Verb – X

Question 2:
Identify the object and complement in the following sentences. If there is no object or no complement then indicate the same.

1.  The dog is barking in the field.
2.  The peon rings the bell always.
3.  A tiger is a dangerous animal.
4.  River gives life to the people.
5.  It is raining in Delhi.

Solution:

1. Object – X
   Complement – in the field
2. Object – the bell
   Complement – always
3. Object – X
   Complement – dangerous animal
4. Object – life, people
   Complement – X
5. Object – X
   Complement – In Delhi

Question 3:

Solution:
(i) (c)             (ii) (a)             (iii) (e)              (iv) (b)                (v) (d)

Question 4:
Choose the correct option from the given questions.
A postman delivers the letter to people.

1.  Which is the subject of the sentence?
   (a) Letter              (b) People
   (c) A postman     (d) Delivers
2.  Which is the object of the sentence?
   (a) A postman     (b) The letter
   (c) People             (d) Delivers
3.  Which is the verb of the sentence?
   (a) Delivers         (b) A postman
   (c) People            (d) The letter
4.  Which is the complement of the sentence?
   (a) People           (b) Postman
   (c) Letter            (d) None of these
5.  Subject of the sentence is
   (a) doer of the action
   (b) about whom/which something is said
   (c) cannot be decided
   (d) Both ‘a’ and ‘b’

Solution:

1. (c)
2. (b)
3. (a)
4. (a)
5. (a)

Question 5:
In the following sentences identify the subject and the predicate.

1.  The car broke down in the middle.
2.  A clever boy dodged the man there.
3.  One who thinks good does good always.
4.  The dull shopkeeper made no sale today.
5.  Eager people get success in Science.

Solution:

1. Subject – The car
   Predicate – broke down in the middle.
2. Subject – A clever boy
   Predicate – dodged the man there.
3. Subject – One who thinks good does
   Predicate – good always.
4. Subject – The dull shopkeeper made
   Predicate – no sale today.
5. Subject – Eager people get success in
   Predicate – science.

Question 6:
Identify the kind of the sentences given below. Write in your notebook.

1.  May our team; win the match.
2.  She could not appear for the party.
3.  How did you manage the affair?
4.  One could be fined Rs. 200 for this.
5.  Wow! what a blissful sight it is.

Solution:

1. Optative
2. Negative
3. Interrogative
4. Positive
5. Exclamatory

Question 7:
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words given in the box.

1. Father asked the children ………. books do they want to purchase?
2. ………. does this bus leave for Agra?
3.  ………. has happened to you?
4.  ………… is the chief secretary of UNO?
5.  ………. are you going so early in the morning?

Solution:

1.  which
2.  When
3.  What
4.  Who
5.  Where

Question 8:
In the sentehces below identify the type of sentences.

1.  Ouch! my finger gets a cut.
2.  Nothing is possible without money.
3.  Why was a large dam built there?
4.  The tiger moved with rage in the jungle.
5.  My mother wants me to do the study.

Solution:

1.  Exclamatory Sentence
2.  Negative Sentence
3.  Interrogative Sentence
4.  Positive Sentence
5.  Optative Sentence

Question 9:
Change these positive sentences into negative sentences.

1.  India is a populous country.
2.  The weather is very fine today.
3.  Indian economy is increasing these days.
4.  Bank provides the loan to its Customers.
5.  The cow is a very useful quadruped.

Solution:

1.  India is not a populous country.
2.  The weather is not very fine today.
3.  Indian economy is not increasing these days.
4.  Bank does not provide loan to its customers.
5.  The cow is not a very useful quadruped.

Question 10:
Change these positive sentences into the interrogative sentences.

1.  Metro is a convenient mode of transport.
2.  People love to reside in cities.
3.  One should work hard to get success.
4.  The snake charmer plays his flute well.
5.  Leaders are unpredictable people.

Solution:

1.  Is metro a convenient mode of transport?
2.  Do people love to reside in cities?
3.  Should one work hard to get success?
4.  Does the snake charmer play his flute well?
5.  Are leaders unpredictable people?

Question 11:
In the sentences given below, there are four options to each. Identify the sentence and choose the correct options.

1. None came to the rescue.
   (a) Positive sentence
   (b) Negative sentence
   (c) Imperative sentence
   (d) Optative sentence
2. She always misguides others.
   (a) Positive sentence
   (b) Negative sentence
   (c) Imperative sentence
   (d) Optative sentence
3. Grandma loves to buy the Ramayana.
   (a) Positive sentence
   (b) Negative sentence
   (c) Interrogative sentence
   (d) Optative sentence
4. Why there a decline in the rainfall?
   (a) Positive sentence
   (b) Negative sentence
   (c) Interrogative sentence
   (d) Optative sentence
5. What a pleasant surprise your arrival is!
   (a) Interrogative sentence
   (b) Imperative sentence
   (c) Optative sentence
   (d) Exclamatory sentence

Solution:

1. (b)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (c)
5. (d)

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar – Conjunctions or Sentence Connectors

Definition of Conjunction

A conjunction is a word that joins two words, two sentences or two clauses together,
e.g.

1. Pride and honour, (‘and’ is a conjunction joins the words pride, honour).
2. She is a singer.
   He is a dentist.
   She is a singer, but he is a dentist.
   (Conjunction ‘but’ here join two sentences).
3. The poor had died before the government distributed food.
   (‘Before’ here is a conjunction which is joining two sentences).

Types of Conjunctions

There are five types of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, sub-ordinating conjunctions, compound conjunctions and linking adverbs and transition words.

1. Coordinating Conjunctions
The coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases and clauses of equal ranks. The coordinating conjunctions include : (and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so).

• And: It is used to combine two words, sentences or ideas,
  e.g.
  1. I like to drink tea and coffee.
  2. He eats cake, chocolate, pastry and chips.
• But: It is used to connect to contrast ideas,
  e.g.
  1. Andy likes red, but Sophie likes blue.
  2. I am dancing, but she is singing.
• Or: It is used to express a choice between two things,
  e.g.
  1. You can eat it with a fork or a spoon.
  2. You are making the diagram horizontally or vertically.
• Nor: It is used to combine two words or ideas both of which are to be negated,
  e.g.
  1. Ram is drinking neither hot chocolate nor coffee.
  2. Kiran has not come nor has Shyam.
• For: It is used as a conjunction of purpose or reason,
  e.g.
  1. I cannot attend the meeting for I am unwell.
  2. I am not willing to spend so much money on it for it is very expensive.
• Yet: It is used to express that something has not happened but you expect it to happen.
  e.g.
  1. I am not very comfortable doing it yet I will try doing it.
  2. Rocky terrorises the poodles next door yet adores the German Shepherd across the street.
• So: It is used as a conjunction of result or consequence.
  e.g.
  1. Everyone was busy in work, so I brought all the items myself.
  2. All the rooms of the hotel were occupied, so I had to shift here.

2. Correlative Conjunctions
Those conjunctions that are used in pairs to connect two words, phrases or sentences are known as correlative conjunctions.

• Either … Or: It is used to show choice between two things.
  e.g.
  1. Either Max or James has taken the pen.
  2. I will drink either cold coffee or ice tea.
• Neither … Nor: It is used to refuse both of the choices.
  e.g.
  1. I will go to neither Jaipur nor Jaisalmer.
  2. Neither they are writing nor are they allowing me to write.
• Both … And: It is used to combine two ideas.
  e.g.
  1. My brother is both smart and intelligent.
  2. I will eat both North Indian food and Chinese food.
• Whether … Or: It is used to express doubt or choice between two things.
  e.g.
  1. Tell me whether you will do it or not.
  2. Do you know whether it will be raining today or not?
• Not Only … But Also: It is used to express the inclusion of more than one things.
  e.g.
  1. She is not only a dancer but also singer.
  2. We are not only composing the music for a film but also directing a film.

3. Sub-ordinating Conjunctions
A sub-ordinating conjunction joins a clause to another on which it depends for its full meaning.
Here is the list of the sub-ordinating conjunction.

• After: It is used to express the sequence of happening of two things.
  e.g.
  1. I will drink the milk after my brother drinks it.
  2. You could go and play after you have done the dishes.
• If: ‘If’ is used to express a condition in the clause.
  e.g.
  1. If you work hard you will pass.
  2. She may look beautiful if she uses this cream.
• Though, Although and Even though: It is used to show a contrast between the two clauses.
  e.g.
  1. Though he is poor, he is honest.
  2. Though she was intelligent, she failed.
  3. I am happy although I want to be more.
  4. Although they are good at it, they did mistakes.
  5. I was late to my work even though I helped the old lady.
• If Only: It is used to show a specific condition stated in the clause.
  e.g.
  • If only, I would be a Prime Minister.
  • I could get there, if only, tomorrow.
• Till: It is used to show the extent of time in the clause,
  e.g.
  1. Wait here till I come.
  2. He practised for the exams till late.
• As: It is used to show time, cause and reason in a sentence,
  e.g.
  1. As I left my home, I found a purse.
  2. She is weak as she was ill.
• In order that: It is used to show the purpose in the sentence.
  e.g.
  1. We eat in order that we may live.
  2. She walked faster in order that she could got the bus.
• Unless: It shows the negativity stated in a condition,
  e.g.
  1. You will not pass unless you study.
  2. She will not stop crying unless she meets her father.
• As if: This is used to show an imaginary condition in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. He talks to me as if he were my boss.
  2. She behaves as if she were a dictator.
• Now that: This is used to show a current situation which is the outcome of some past event.
  e.g.
  1. Now that it is clear India is in the semifinal, we are celebrating.
  2. Now that her marriage has been fixed she wanted to quit her job.
• Until: It shows the negativity related to time in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. Do not go until I come.
  2. They are not ready to pay until they get the house.
• As long as: It is used to show the extent of time and its duration related to an event.
  e.g.
  1. As long as electricity is supplied, the machine will run.
  2. She is the new captain as long as the previous captain recovers.
• Once: It shows the limited frequency of an event to one.
  e.g.
  1. Once she was in England,
  2. I take tea once in a day.
• When: It shows the time related to an event in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. I know the time when she was born.
  2. She is aware when they could harm her.
• As though: It shows the manner of an event in the sentence.
  e.g.
  1. He showed the anger as though he were the victim of it.
  2. She cared the baby as though she were her mother.
• Rather than: This is used to show preferences or choices in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. She would die rather than beg.
  2. I would live in Delhi rather than London.
• Whenever: This shows the definite situation in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. Whenever I wanted to meet him, he didn’t come.
  2. I keep myself in my mother’s cap whenever I feel sad.
• Because: It is used to express the reason of an action.
  e.g.
  1. I will eat a pizza because I am hungry.
  2. We have to clean the house because tomorrow is Diwali.
• Since: This is used to show a time reference in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. I have been doing this since January.
  2. She may pass since she had studied this subject.
• Where: It shows place or position specification in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. I do not know where it is to be kept.
  2. She may go where she wanted to.
• Before: It is used to show a position, a time that states an event finished earlier.
  e.g.
  1. Get ready to go before the jury.
  2. She had written a letter before me.
• So that: It is used to show a result or an outcome of any event.
  e.g.
  1. She is reading so that she can pass.
  2. India is planning to enter manufacturing so that revenue can be generated.
• Whereas: It shows the contrast between the two clauses.
  e.g.
  1. She is intelligent whereas her brother is not.
  2. America is developed whereas India is developing.
• Even if: It is used to put a stress on the given conditionals.
  e.g.
  1. I shall not give it you even if I am told officially.
  2. She will continue her education even if she gets married.
• Than: It is used for the purpose of comparison,
  e.g.
  1. It is better to leave than doing it.
  2. It was easier said than done.
• Wherever: It is used to put positional stress in a sentence.
  e.g.
  1. I shall go with you wherever you go.
  2. Police shall take him out no matter wherever he has hidden himself.
• That: It is used to join the two different clauses in the sentence.
  e.g.
  1. She told me that she was a poet.
  2. They know that you can be handy.
• While: It is used to combine the two dynamic verbs that may be simultaneous or may not be.
  e.g.
  1. I was reading while eating.
  2. She was talking while crossing.
• On condition that: It is used to express a condition which is a necessity for another action.
  e.g.
  1. I can give you this book on condition that you will keep it safe.
  2. She returned the phone on condition that he would never irritate her.
• Provided: It is used to express a conditional statement which is either a warning or a requirement for the other action.
  e.g.
  1. You may go on leave provided the project is finished on time.
  2. She will marry you provided she is allowed to study further.

4. Compound Conjunctions
Compound conjunctions are the groups of words (phrases) that are used as conjunction.
Definitions of Compound Conjunctions

5. Linking Adverbs and Transition Words
These are used to connect two independent clauses or sentences. The linking adverbs and transition words are used to provide transition between ideas. Linking adverbs and transition words include.

Practice Questions and Solutions

Question 1:
In the sentences given below fill in the blanks with the suitable conjunctions.

1. He is both a singer …………..  drummer.
2. Ramu is poor …………..  he managed to educate his son.
3.  ………….. he is trusted, he cheated his boss.
4. Stuart is taller …………..  his friend Jack.
5. Father came to know …………..  his son has passed.
6. I won’t pay you …………..  you show me your card.
7. A good bowler knows …………..  to deliver a bouncer.
8. …………..  he was captain, he was to be blamed for loss.
9. It’s my rule, follow it …………..  forget it.
10. Hari was watering the plants …………..  I happened to cross by his house.

Solution:

1. and
2. but
3. Although
4. than
5. that
6. unless
7. when
8. Since
9. or
10. when

Question 2:
Join the sentences in List I with those in List II using suitable conjunctions.

Solution:
(i) She used the cup and kept it on the shelf.
(ii) Farmer was weeping because the crop was lost.
(iii) Leaders must work or they should denounce.
(iv) She was depressed, yet she didn’t approve of it.
(v) He studied hard but failed everytime.
(vi) We cannot use it because/since it is not owned by us.
(vii) Vidhi uses this system when/if gobody is using it.
(viii) Gaurav likes movies very much but not Hollywood movies.
(ix) Their home has not been renovated for many years, still it manages to look nice.
(x) Either you do this or I will have to do.

Question 3:
Find out the correct conjunction according to the context of the sentences.

1. Tapasya is a little snobbish and/but is very beautiful at heart.
2. I like the show, so/because I stay late up to watch it.
3. Either Karan or/nor Arjun will win the battle.
4. This phone is very expensive where/hence you should use it with utmost care.
5. We could not work further yet/because the electricity broke down.
6. He had an affectionate and/or polite manners towards her.
7. We can’t rely on him if/unless he proves himself.
8. Although/otherwise she is smart, she has to prepare some matter for the competition.
9. None is guilty and/but how will it be proved?
10. Rose grows on land neverthless/whereas lotus grows in water. !

Solution:

1. but
2. so
3. or
4. hence
5. because
6. and
7. unless
8. Although
9. but
10. whereas

Question 4:
Given below are a few sentences. After or before every sentence a conjunction has been provided. Write a suitable sentence using the conjunction and your own ideas.

1. I have watched almost all the episodes of Byomkesh Bakshi. still …………..
2. Although …………..  Gauri managed to search office on time.
3. God will not bless you unless …………..
4. Since ………….. I could not answer any of his calls.
5. Mayuri Kango was doing well in her initial movies. But …………..

Solution:

1. I want to watch them again.
2. there was a huge traffic jam on the way yesterday.
3. you show persistence in your efforts.
4. I was busy in taking my brother to hospital.
5. she suddenly disappeared from the film industry.

Question 5:
Choose the correct option from given below:

1. Everyone wants a corruption free country …………..  nobody wants to stop corruption.
   (a) however
   (b) because
   (c) since
   (d) but
2. I admire her …………..  she exhibits stead fast opinions on any matter.
   (a) because
   (b) until
   (c) between
   (d) and
3. Nidhi scored very well …………..  she fell ill just before her exams.
   (a) but
   (b) when
   (c) since
   (d) although
4. A salesman needs to be very polite to his customers …………..  they are complaining about something.
   (a) when
   (b) even if
   (c) until
   (d) as soon as
5. The man walked …………..  he had been drunken.
   (a) hardly
   (b) so that
   (c) as though
   (d) moreover
6. All the contestants will get some or the other gift hamper …………..  they fulfil the basic criteria and clear at least the first sound.
   (a) hence
   (b) provided
   (c) next
   (d) because
7. You have to stop writing …………..  the bell rings.
   (a) even if
   (b) since
   (c) unless
   (d) as soon as
8. They will not do anything …………..  I instruct them.
   (a) till
   (b) when
   (c) until
   (d) whenever
9. ………….. people are free from any biases, they will make some progress.
   (a) till
   (b) when
   (c) as long as
   (d) however
10. ………….. You walk further, you will find a marsh-land.
    (a) Also
    (b) Unless
    (c) As
    (d) Wherever

Solution:

1. (d)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (b)
5. (c)
6. (b)
7. (d)
8. (c)
9. (b)
10. (c)

Question 6:
In each of the following examples, out of four options, only one sentence is grammatically correct. Identify the correct sentence and mark its number as your answer.

1. (a) Since you are at the head position, you own the responsibility.
   (b) Since you are at the head position then you own the responsibility.
   (c) Unless you are at the head position, you own the responsibility.
   (d) Because you are at the head position, therefore you own the responsibility.
2. (a) George is a huge and heavy man since not in intellect.
   (b) George is a huge and heavy man, but not in intellect.
   (c) George is a huge and heavy man since not in intellect.
   (d) George is a huge and heavy man where in intellect.
3. (a) He will blow a whistle as well as he reaches the top.
   (b) He will blow a whistle since he reaches the top.
   (c) He will blow a whistle although he reaches the top.
   (d) He will blow a whistle as soon as he reaches the top.
4. (a) Samira gave a loud cry as she saw a snake in the yard.
   (b) Samira gives a loud cry when she saw a snake in the yard.
   (c) Samira gave a loud cry before she saw a snake in the yard.
   (d) Samira gives a loud cry before she saw a snake in the yard.
5. (a) Dolly opened the door or took milk from the milkman.
   (b) Dolly opened the door but took milk from the milkman.
   (c) Dolly opened the door and took milk from the milkman.
   (d) Dolly opened the door because took milk from the milkman.

Solution:

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (d)
4. (a)
5. (c)

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar – Adjective

Definition of Adjective
A word which is used with a noun or a pronoun to describe it (description may be of its type, place, number or amount) is known as an Adjective.
Now, look at following sentences.

1.  Ramesh is intelligent.
2.  An intelligent boy won the quiz.

In both sentences, ‘intelligent’ is used to describe the quality of noun so it is adjective in both sentences. On the basis of use in sentence, we can describe it in following two ways

1. In first sentence, ‘intelligent’ is used as a part of predicate, so it is said to be used ‘predicatively’.
2. In second sentence, ‘intelligent’ is used to describe the attribute of noun, so it is said to be used ‘attributively’.
   Note Some adjectives like ‘afraid’, ‘well’ etc can be used only predicatively.

Kinds of Adjective
Adjectives are of following three kinds

1. Adjective of Quantity
2. Adjective of Number (Numeral Adjective)
3. Adjective of Quality
   

Adjective
Adjective of Quantity Adjective of Number Adjective of Quality (Numeral Adjective)
Adjective of Quantity
Adjective of quantity shows how much of anything is described,
e.g.

1.  She has ‘some’ time.
2.  Sheela has ‘little’ patience.

Adjective of Number (Numeral Adjective)

Adjective of number shows how many persons or things are described. It also shows the order of any person or thing.
e.g.

1.  There are ‘three’ halls in the palace.
2.  ‘All’ students will pass this year.

Adjective of Quality
Adjective of quality shows the kind of quality of any person or thing that means it describes the attribute of any person or thing,
e.g.

1.  Sapna is an ‘honest’ girl.
2.  You are a ‘foolish’ man.

Practice Questions and Solutions

Question 1:
Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives.

1.  There were ………….. students in class.
2.  Never touch a ………….. wire.
3.  The tree is very  …………..
4.  I have ………….. money now.
5.  I want to read ………….. articles related to Everest journey.

Solution:

1.  many
2. live
3. tall
4. no
5.  every

Question 2:
Fill in the blanks with correct comparative or superlative forms.

1.  Are you feeling ………….. now? (good)
2.  May was the ………….. month of the year, (hot)
3.  Sheela is the ………….. than her sister.(beautiful)
4.  Yogesh is the ………….. of the two. (wise)
5.  You are the ………….. boy in class. (regular)

Solution:

1.  better
2. hottest
3.  more beautiful
4.  wiser
5.  most regular

Question 3:
Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives given in the box below.

1.  I know ………….. tricks of solving this quiz.
2.  She is really a ………….. girl.
3.  I want to see a ………….. whale.
4.  Kolkata is a ………….. city.
5.  ………….. letters are missing from the bag.

Solution:

1.  all
2.  pretty
3.  blue
4.  big
5.  Some

Question 4:
Indicate correct or incorrect in the sentences given below.

1. You are a wisest boy.
2.  She is a cleverer girl.
3.  I saw a longest tree.
4.  You are better than him.
5.  She is the most beautiful lady in hall.

Solution:

1.  Use‘wise’ in place of ‘wisest’.
2.  Use ‘clever’ in place of ‘cleverer’.
3.  Use ‘tall’ in place of ‘longest’.
4.  Correct
5.  Correct

Question 5:
Indicate correct or incorrect in following sentences.

1.  I am best than you.
2.  She is more better than any other girl.
3.  I want a milk.
4.  She is an attractive girl.
5.  I want a good company.

Solution:

1.  Incorrect, use ‘better’ in place of ‘best’.
2.  Incorrect, use ‘better’ in place of ‘more better’.
3.  Incorrect, use ‘some’ in place of ‘a’.
4.  Correct
5.  Correct

Question 6:
Choose the correct option to fill in the gaps.

1.  The mornings of winter are  …………..
   (a) lovely      (b) lovelier
   (c) loved      (d) loveliest
2.  These is …………… sugar in the bowl.
   (a) many      (b) large
   (c) some      (d) very
3.  The ………….. question is to arrange money today.
   (a) big          (b) bigger
   (c) biggest   (d) larger
4.  Which of the two pens, did you like  …………..
   (a) far           (b) more
   (c) most       (d) much
5.  Purvi is a ………….. girl.
   (a) intelligent      (b) cleverer
   (c) smarter          (d) smart

Solution:

1.  (a) lovely
2. (c) some
3.  (c) biggest
4.  (b) more
5.  (d) smart

Question 7:
In each of the following sentences, either an adverb or a noun form of a word has been used. However, there should have been an adjective of quality. Identify the word and replace it with the appropriate adjective form of it.
(One has been done for you.) e.g. The conference was held in a largely hall, ‘largely’ should be replaced with ‘large’

1.  Many bravely soldiers have sacrificed their lives to give us freedom.
2.  The picture hanging on the wall is very beautifully.
3.  You should be faith to your friends.
4.  This questions is too length. We will solve it later.
5. The book is a well, collection of poems.

Solution:

1.  ‘bravely’ should be replaced with ‘brave’,
2.  ‘beautifully’ should be replaced with ‘beautiful’,
3.  ’faith’ should be replaced with ‘faithful’.
4.  ’length’ should be replaced with ‘lengthy’.
5.  ‘well’ should be replaced with, ‘good’.

Question 8:
In each of the following sentences, a wrong adjective has been used to qualify the corresponding noun. Supply the correct adjective to make the sentence meaningful. (One has been done for you).
e.g. One who has big qualities is appreciated by everyone.
                    big –>good

1.  Nitika is dull enough to understand this quickly.
2.  Shivam was so cruel that he could not buy a house.
3.  Salt is a strange gift of nature.
4.  The room was black. He could not see anything.
5.  Most of the politicians are shameful. They work to fulfil their own interests.

Solution:

1.  dull intelligent
2.  cruel poor strange amazing
3.  black dark shameful selfish
4.  shameful selfish

Question 9:
In each of the following examples, a sentence has a blank and is followed by four options. Choose an appropriate option to fill in each gap.

1.  Drinking milk provides benefits like ………….. teeth, rehydration and improves vitamin intake.
   (a) wise         (b) foul
   (c) healthy    (d) smart
2.  He does not like ………….. food.
   (a) strong     (b) proper
   (c) freshly     (d) stale
3.  Hieun Tsang was a ………….. scholar,
   (a) great      (b) pretty
   (c) rich        (d) smart
4.  Armaan wants to change his …………..  job.
   (a) tall             (b) good
   (c) present     (d) courageous
5.  We should always try to become ………….. and respectful citizens.
   (a) beautiful     (b) big
   (c) serious        (d) honest

Solution:

1. (c) healthy
2. (d) stale
3. (a) great
4. (c) present
5. (d) honest

Question 10:
(Cloze Test)
Given below is a passage that has five blanks. Every blank has been numbered and below the passage the numbers are printed with four options each. Choose the appropriate option that suits the blank best. Pashmina is the …………..(1) type of cashmere wool. It was firstmade in Kashmir India. The word literally means ………….. (2) Gold in Kashmiri. Pashmina showls are liked by many people for their warmth. Their ………….. (3) quality is that they are very …………..(4) in weight. They give an ………….. (5) look and drape very nicely.

1.  (a) super           (b) good
   (c) finest           (d) nicer
2.  (a) hard            (b) soft
   (c) strong         (d) true
3.  (a) better          (b) interesting
   (c) best              (d) rich
4.  (a) wierd          (b) proper
   (c) hard             (d) light
5.  (a) elegaht       (b) sharp
   (c) intelligent   (d) former

Solution:

1.  (c) finest
2.  (b) soft
3.  (c) best
4.  (d) light
5.  (a) elegant

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 1: The Tiny Teacher

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 1: The Tiny Teacher – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Comprehension Check (Page 3)

Question 1:
The story of an ant’s life sounds almost untrue.
The italicised phrase means

1. highly exaggerated.
2. too remarkable to be true.
3. not based on facts.

Answer:

1. highly exaggerated.

Question 2:
Complete the following sentences.

1. An ant is the smallest,________________________________
2. We know a number of facts about an ant’s life because________________________________

Answer:

1. insect we have seen.
2. people have kept the ants as pets and watched their behaviour closely.

Question 3:
In what ways is an ant’s life peaceful?
Answer:
The ants live in peace because each one does its share of work honestly, wisely and bravely. They don’t interfere in the work given to others. They never fight in their group.

Comprehension Check (Page 5)

1. How long does it take for a grub to become a complete ant?
2. Why do the worker ants carry the grubs about?
3. What jobs are new ants trained for?
4. Name some other creatures that live in anthills.
5. Mention three things we can learn from the ‘tiny teacher’. Give reasons for choosing these items.

Answers:

1. The grubs take in three to six weeks to become cocoons and then to be a complete ant.
2. The grubs are carried about daily for airing, exercise and sunshine.
3. The new ants learn their duties from old ants as workers, soldiers, builders, cleaners, etc.
4. Some other creatures that live in anthills are beetles, lesser breeds of ants and the open fly.
5. We can learn from the tiny ants the lessons of hard work, sense of duty and discipline, cleanliness, loyalty and care for the young ones. These lessons are necessary for the happiness and smooth working of the society.

Exercise

Discuss the following topics in groups.

Question 1:

1. What problems are you likely to face if you keep ants as pets?
2.  When a group of bees finds nectar, it informs other bees of its location, quantity, etc. through dancing. Can you guess what ants communicate to their fellow ants by touching one another’s feelers?

Answer:

1. Keeping ants as pets is very uncommon or rare. The reason is that they don’t take orders. They follow their own rules. Above all, they bite and spoil the food.
2. By touching one another’s feelers, the ants give message to others about new-found food.

Question 2:
Complete the following poem with words from the box below.
Soldiers live in barracks
And birds in (a)___________________ ,
Much like a snake that rests
In a (b)__________________ . No horse is able
To sleep except in a (c)____________________ .
And a dog lives well,
Mind you, only in a (d)____________________ .
To say *hi’ to an ant if you will,
You may have to climb an (e)____________________ .
hole,     kennel,     nests,     anthill,     stable
Answer:
(a) nests
(b) hole
(c) stable
(d) kennel
(e) anthill.

More Questions Solved

I. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Who looks after the grubs and how?
Answer:
Soldiers and workers look after the grubs. Soldiers guard them. Workers feed and clean them, and also carry them about daily for airing, exercise and sunshine.

Question 2:
How much time do grubs take for becoming cocoons? What do the cocoons do after that?
Answer:
Grubs take two or three weeks for becoming cocoons. After that cocoons lie with- out-food or activity for three weeks more. Then they break and perfect ants ap­pear.

Question 3:
Why do ants want alien creatures to live in their nests?
Answer:
Some give off smell pleasant to the ants’ senses; others give sweet juices; and some are just pets or playthings like cats and dogs to human beings.

Question 4:
Why do the ants train the greenfly?
Answer:
The greenfly is the ants’ cow. The ants train it to give honeydew (like milk) with a touch of their antennae. They milk it just as we milk the cow.

Question 5:
What are the functions of feelers or antennae for an ant?
Answer:
An ant uses its feelers or antennae to talk to other ants. It passes messages through them. It greets other ants by touching one another’s feelers.

Question 6:
What do you know about worker ants?
Answer:
Worker ants live in their reserved quarters. They search for food most of their time. They do only their own share of work.

II. Long Answer Type Questions 

Question 1:
What do you know about the homes of the ants?
Answer:
The homes of the ants are called ‘nests’ or ‘anthills’. Each nest has hundreds of little rooms and passages. The queen ant lays eggs in some of the rooms. Other rooms serve as nurseries for the gurbs ( young ants). Some rooms serve as store houses for food. Some rooms serve as reserved quarters for workers or barracks for soldiers. Cleaners also live in the nests.

Question 2:
What do you know about the queen ant?
Answer:
The queen ant is known as the ‘Mother Ant’. It has a pair of wings. It bites them off after its ‘wedding fight’. This fight takes place on a hot summer day. The queen leaves the nest and goes out to meet a male ant, or drone, high up in the air. On its return to earth, it gets rid of its wings and then does nothing but lay eggs.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English –  Chapter 2: Bringing Up Kari

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 2: Bringing Up Kari – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Exercise (Page 14)

Answer the following questions:

Question 1:
The enclosure in which Kari lived had a thatched roof that lay on thick tree stumps.
Examine the illustration of Kari’s pavilion on page 8 and say why it was built that way.
Answer:
Kari’s pavilion was built under a thatched roof having its support on a thick tree trunk. The support was necessary to save the roof from falling down when he moved about and bumped against the bamboo poles.

Question 2:
Did Kari enjoy his morning bath on the river? Give a reason for your answer.
Answer:
Yes, Kari loved to be taken to the river for his bath. He lay down on the sand bank. The narrator rubbed his body with clean sand. Then he washed his body with water. He used to make sounds joyfully.

Question 3:
Finding good twigs for Kari took a long time. Why?
Answer:
The narrator had to work hard to gather soft new twigs for Kari. He had to climb all kinds of trees. If the twigs were deformed, Kari refused to eat them.

Question 4:
Why did Kari push his friend into the stream?
Answer:
Kari pushed his friend (the narrator) into the stream because a boy was drowning in the water. Kari himself could not save and carry the boy to the shore.

Question 5:
Kari was like a baby. What are the main points of comparison?
Answer:
Kari was like a human baby. He had to be taught a few lessons to become good. Like a baby he too played some mischief. He used to steal away the fruits from the dining-table.

Question 6:
Kari helped himself to all the bananas in the house without anyone noticing it. How did he do it?
Answer:
Kari was a mischievous but intelligent creature. He started taking away the bananas kept on the dining-table. He used his black long trunk to steal fruits, through the window.

Question 7:
Kari learnt the commands to sit and to walk. What were the instructions for each command?
Answer:
Kari learnt the commands to sit down or stand up and walk fast or slow. The word “Dhat” was the command to sit down. The word ‘Mali’ was the command to walk.

Question 8:
What is “the master call?” Why is it the most important signal for an elephant to learn?
Answer:
The master-call was a strange kind of hissing like a snake and howling like a tiger. It sounded like a fight between a snake and a tiger. The sound had to be made in the elephant’s ear. It was a necessary signal for Kari to uproot trees and make a passage through the dense forest for the house.

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
How old were Kari (the elephant) and the narrator?
Answer:
Kari, the elephant, was five months old when he was given to the narrator. The narrator was nine years old then.

Question 2:
What did Kari eat and how much?
Answer:
Kari ate twigs. He did not eat much. Still he needed forty pounds of it daily. He chewed the twigs and played with them.

Question 3:
What did the narrator do with the hatchet?
Answer:
The narrator had to bring some luscious twigs for Kari’s dinner. He used to cut down the twigs with a very sharp hatchet.

Question 4:
Why did the narrator climb the trees?
Answer:
The narrator had to get twigs for Kari. The most tender and delicate twigs were found on the trees. So he used to climb the trees.

Question 5:
Why was it necessary to train kari to he good?
Answer:
Kari was like a naughty boy. He took pleasure in making mischief. Therefore, he had to be trained to be good.

Question 6:
Who were wrongly blamed for the theft of the bananas?
Answer:
The bananas were stolen again and again. First of all, the narrator’s family blamed the servants for eating all the fruit. The next time, the narrator himself was blamed for the theft. Both the narrator and the servants were wrongly blamed. Kari used to steal the bananas every time.

Question 7:
What did the narrator do when he found Kari stealing the bananas?
Answer:
The narrator found Kari stealing the bananas. He pulled out Kari from the pavilion by the ear. He showed Kari to his parents. He also scloded the elephant.

II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
Give a character sketch of Kari.
Answer:
Kari, the elephant lived in a pavilion under a thatched roof. Once he saved the life of a drowning boy with the narrator’s help. He was fond of eating luscious twigs. He enjoyed rolling in sand and bathing in the river. He was a sensible elephant. He made a call to the narrator when he saw a boy drowning in the river. He helped the narrator fully in bringing out the drowning child. He was a naughty elephant. He took pleasure in making mischief. He had to be a great love for ripe bananas. He used to steal the bananas. Soon he was found out stealing the bananas. When the narrator scolded him his ego was hurt. He never stole anything in future. He was willing to be punished for his wrong. He was a slow but good learner like a child.

Question 2:
Give the character sketch of the narrator.
Answer:
The narrator was a boy of nine years when the five months old Kari was given to him. They grew together. He was not a good swimmer. However, he saved the life of a drowning boy with the help of the elephant. He grew friendly with the elephant. He climbed up the trees to get luscious twigs for Kari. He took Kari to the river and rubbed him with clean sand. He cut the twigs with a sharp hatchet. He always heeded to the elephant’s call. He was a boy of ego. He got angry with his parents when they blamed him for the theft of the bananas. He was a good observer. Soon he discovered that Kari was the thief. He pulled Kari by the ear and scolded him in harsh language. He learnt how to make the elephant sit down, walk, go fast or go fast or go slow by saying ‘D hat’and ‘Mali’.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 3: The Desert

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 3: The Desert – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Comprehension Check (Page 16)

Question 1:
From the first paragraph
(i) pick out two phrases which describe the desert as most people believe it is;
(ii) Pick out two phrases which describe the desert as specialists see it.
Which do you think is an apt description, and why?
Answer:
(i) an endless stretch of sand; water less and without shelter.
(ii) a beautiful place; the home of a variety of people, animals and plants Description (ii) is apt. Human experience tells us so.

Question 2:

Answer:

Comprehension Check (Page 19)

Question 1:
A camel can do without water for days together. What is the reason given in the text?
Answer:
The reason is that the camel sweats very little. It can therefore retain the water it drinks for long periods of time.

Question 2:
How do the smaller desert animals fulfill their need for water?
Answer:
The smaller desert animals spend the day in the underground burrows to escape the heat. Some of them eat other animals and get the water they need from the moisture in the meat. Others eat plants and get the water they need from plant juices.

Question 3:
In a desert the temperature rises during the day and falls rapidly at night. Why?
Answer:
In humid climates, the air has moisture that protects the earth’s surface from the heat of the sun. Since deserts have no moisture cover, they heat up rapidly during the day and cool off rapidly at night.

Exercise (Page 19)

Do the following activities in group

Question 1:
Describe a desert in your own way. Write a paragraph and read it aloud to your classmates.
Answer:
A desert is usually a dry, hot and horrifying place. That is why only the nomads and camels in a small number live there. Of course, there are green patches also near the water spring. These places are called oases. The deserts occupy vast areas. In India the hot desert of Rajasthan can also be turned into fertile agricultural land provided we take water over there through canals.

Question 2:
Go to the library and collect information about the lifestyle of people in desert areas- their food, clothes, work, social customs, etc.Show this information with the group.
Answer:
The nomads are homeless people in desert areas. They keep shifting to places where they can get food and fodder. Their life is very hard. They use camels for transportation. They eat mainly meat and dates. They weave their clothes from the wool of camel or sheep. Their life style is very simple. They look to the sky for rain water. Thev have developed their own customs.

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
Who finds it difficult to imagine what a desert is Uke?
Answer:
Some people living in regions covered with forests and surrounded with hills find it difficult to imagine what a desert is like.

Question 2:
What happens when it rains in deserts?
Answer:
Rains are rare in the deserts. Whenever it rains, desert flowers start blooming The sight becomes as rewarding as that of any tropical garden.

Question 3:
What is an oasis? How is it useful for desert plants?
Answer:
An oasis is like a green island in the middle of a desert where a spring or a well gives plants and trees a better chance to grow.

Question 4:
How do desert plants and animals differ from most plants and animals?
Answer:
Desert plants and animals have developed the ability to require less water than most plants and animals.

II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
How do the desert plants fulfill their need for water?
Answer:
Some desert plants adopt themselves to the life they lead. The cactus plants have thick stems. They store water in them. Their roots lie close to the surface of the ground. The roots quickly absorb the moisture from the light rains that occasionally fall. In this way, their fulfill their need for water. A few plants that live in deserts have developed the ability to require less water than most plants in other regions.

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishSanskritHindiRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 4: The Cop and the Anthem

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 4: The Cop and the Anthem – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Exercise (Page 29)

Answer the following Questions.

Question 1:
What are some of the signs of approaching winter referred to in the text?
Answer:
The signs of the approaching winter are the movement of birds to warm south, the woollens needed by people and the dead leaves covering the ground.

Question 2:
Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ against each of the following:
(i) Soapy did not want to go to prison.                                                                                           __________
(ii) Soapy had been to prison several times.                                                                                 __________
(iii) It was not possible for Soapy to survive in the city through the winter.                          __________
(iv) Soapy hated to answer questions of a personal nature.                                                      __________
Answer:
(i) False (ii) True (iii)  True (iv) True

Question 3:
What was Soapy’s first plan? Why did it not work?
Answer:
He would go to eat at restaurant and would then tell them he had no money. They would immediately call a cop who would arrest him. But as soon as he put his foot inside the restaurant, the waiters blocked his entry. Thus his first plan did not work.

Question 4:
“But the cop’s mind would not consider Soapy”. What did the cop not consider, and why?
Answer:
The policeman did not believe that Soapy had broken the window glass. The reason was that no such criminal would stop and talk to a policeman.

Question 5:
“We have orders to let them shout.” What is the policeman referring to?
Answer:
The policeman means to say that he had got orders not to arrest the unruly and shouting college students.

Question 6:
Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ against each of the following.
(i) Soapy stole a man’s umbrella. _________
(ii) The owner of the umbrella offered to give it to Soapy. _________
(iii) The man had stolen the umbrella that was now Soapy’s. _________
(iv) Soapy threw away the umbrella.   _________
Answer:
(i) True (ii) True (iii) True {iv) True.

Question 7:
“There was a sudden and wonderful change in his soul”. What brought about the change on Soapy?
Answer:
The sight of the home where Soapy had spent his childhood suddenly changed his outlook. The old memories of his mother and the sweet music revived his love for a decent life. He decided to work and become somebody in life.

Discuss the following topics in groups.

Question 1:
Suppose no cop came at the end. What would Soapy’s life be like through the winter?
Answer:
In case Soapy was not arrested and sent to prison he would have started a new life. He might have taken up some job and lived like a normal gentleman. But through the winter he might have faced the icy winds.

Question 2:
Retell an episode in the story which is a good example of irony in a situation.
Answer:
Soapy was keen to be sent to prison for the three cold months. He made several attempts to get arrested. But none of his plans worked. Finally, when he decided to live a decent life honestly, he was arrested. Such an episode is ironical.

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
Why did Soapy move restlessly on his seat?
Answer:
Soapy was a homeless and jobless man. Cold winter was approaching fast. He was lying on his seat in Madison Square. He had to find some way to face the cold. Therefore, he moved restlessly on his seat.

Question 2:
What were Soapy’s hopes for the winter?
Answer:
Soapy did not have high hopes for the winter. He had no thought of sailing away on a ship. He was not thinking of southern skies or of the Bay of Naples. He hoped to spend three months in the prison on Blackwell’s Island.

Question 3:
Why did Soapy not like to go to his known persons?
Answer:
Soapy didn’t want to go to his known persons because he thought that they would ask personal questions from him. And he was not ready to answer all their questions about his life.

Question 4:
Why did Soapy like to go to the prison?
Answer:
Soapy was a man of ego. He thought that a gentleman’s own life was still his own life in prison. He considered the prison a better place than the houses of his known people. Therefore, he liked to go to the prison where he would get both food and shelter during the cold weather.

Question 5:
Why did Soapy hope to get food at a large and brightly lighted restaurant?
Answer:
Soapy looked all right above his legs. His face was clean. His coat was good enough.The part of his body that would be seen above the table would look all right. So he hoped to get food at a large and brightly lighted restaurant.

II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
Which ways did Soapy try to reach the prison in vain?
Answer:
Soapy put his foot inside a large and brightly lighted restaurant door. The waiters turned him outside. Then Soapy threw a stone at the glass window of a shop in Sixth Avenue. A cop came there but he ran after another person leaving Soapy at the place where he was standing. Then Soapy reached another restaurant. It was meant for the poor people. After eating to his full he declared that he had no money. Two waiters threw him outside. A cop was standing nearby. He simply laughed and walked away. Then he shouted and danced like a drunken person outside a posh theatre. The cops spared him thinking that he was a college boy. Last of all he saw a man buying a newspaper at a shop. His umbrella stood beside the door. Luckily it was a stolen umbrella. Soapy took it. The man could neither claim it nor send Soapy to prison.

Question 2:
Give the character sketch of Soapy.
Answer:
Soapy was a homeless and jobless man. He needed a place to stay comfortably for three months during the approaching winter. He could get food and shelter at the houses of his known persons but he did not like to answer their odd questions and lose his freedom. He was a man of ego and considered himself a gentleman. He preferred to go to prison where he would follow the rules but live his own life. He made many attempts to get arrested. His luck failed at the restaurants. He was thrown outside but was not handed over to the police. He broke the glass of a window and stole an umbrella. He was arrested only after he had determined to lead an honourable life.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 6: I Want Something in a Cage

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 6: I Want Something in a Cage – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Comprehension Check (Page 38)

Question 1:
Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ against each of following statements.
(i) Mr Purcell sold birds, cats, d^as and monkeys,________________
(ii) He was very concerned about the well-being of the birds and animals in his shop.
(iii) He was impressed by the customer who bought the two doves.__________________
(iv) He was a successful shop owner, though insensitive and cold as a person.______________
Answer:
(i) True (ii) False (iii) False (iv) True.

Question 2:
Why is Mr. Purcell compared to an owl?
Answer:
Purcell appeared like an owl when he looked through his glasses.

Question 3:
From the third paragraph pick out
(i) Words associated with cries of birds.
(ii) Words associated with noise.
(iii) Words suggestive of confusion and fear.
Answer:
(i) Whispered, twitter, squeal, cheeps.
(ii) Stir, rustling, scampered.
(iii) Bewildered, blindly seeking.

Question 4:
Mr. Purcell heard it no more than he would have heard the monotonous ticking of a familiar clock” (Read para beginning with. “It was a rough day……………………………………………………………… ”)
(i) What does it refer to?
(ii) Why does Mr Purcell not hear it clearly?
Answer:
(i) ‘It’ refers to the chirping, squealing and moving of birds all around him.
(ii) He has become so used to those noises that he does not mind them.

Comprehension Check (Page 42)

Question 1:
Do you think the atmosphere of Mr Purcell’s shop was cheerful or depressing? Give reasons for your
Answer:
The atmosphere in Mr Purcell’s shop was dull and cheerless. The shop was full of movements of noising birds and pet animals. Mr. Purcell had become used to that noise. But the customer wondered how the owner put up with that noise.

Question 2:
Describe the stranger who came to the pet shop. What did he want?
Answer:
The stranger who came to Mr. Purcell’s shop had been released from jail after ten years of imprisonment. His suit though new looking was cheap and ill-fitting. He had close-cropped hair. His eyes moved all around in the shop. He wanted to purchase something in a case.

Question 3:
(i) The man insisted on buying the doves because he was fond of birds. Do you agree?
(ii) How had he earned the five dollars he had?
Answer:
(i) No, the man was neither fond of birds nor did he insist on buying the fair doves. He only wanted some birds in a cage.
(ii) The man had spent ten years in prison. He had to work hard. He was paid only half a dollar per year. He left the jail with just 5 dollars and a cheap suit.

Question 4:
Was the customer interested in the care and feeding of the doves he had bought? If not, why not?
Answer:
No, the man had no love or liking for the doves. He did not mean to keep them as pets. So he paid no attention to what Mr. Purcell said about the feed and care of birds. Soon after stepping out of the shop, he freed the birds and dropped the cage.

Exercise (Page 42)

Discuss the following topics in groups:

Question 1:
Why, in your opinion, did the man set the doves free?
Answer:
The man set the doves free because he had got already the better taste of imprison­ment. He knew the need and value of freedom. It was his love for freedom that he spent his hard-earned money on buying the doves and setting them free.

Question 2:
Why did it make Mr. Purcell feel” vaguely insulted”?
Answer:
Mr Purcell felt insulted because he had reduced the price of the doves and still made profit. He felt small to see ‘the customer’s love for freedom and his great sacrifice.

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
What was Purcell’s source of earning?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell ran a pet shop. He sold cats, dogs, monkeys, and birds. He also sold fish food and bird seed. He also prescribed remedies for the sick animals. In this way, he earned his living.

Question 2:
Describe Mr Purcell’s daily routine at the shop.
Answer:
Mr Purcell opened his shop and sat on a high stool every morning. He unfolded the newspaper and read through it. He attended the customer if there was any. It was his daily routine.

Question 3:
What surprised Mr Purcell one day?
Answer:
Mr Purcell had hung a bell at the door of his shop. It began to ring on the arrival of a customer. That day it failed to ring. Mr Purcell was surprised. He felt that the customer appeared out of the air.

Question 4:
Why did the customer hate Mr. Purcell?
Answer:
The customer noticed that Mr. Purcell had imprisoned birds and animals to earn money. He had robbed them of their freedom. The customer loved freedom. So he hated Mr.Purcell.

Question 5:
Why did the customer free the imprisoned doves?
Answer:
The customer had suffered the pains of prison life. He was a jailbird a short while ago. So he tossed the doves into the air and freed them from their imprisonmant.

Question 6:
How did the customer feel after freeing the doves?
Answer:
The customer had freed two doves from their prison (cage). He had utilised his hard earned money. He longed to teach Mr.Purcell a good lesson. Therefore, he felt happy about his action.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
What type of a shopkeeper was Mr. Purcell ?
Answer:
Mr. Purcell sold pets at his shop. They included both animals and birds. He displayed his birds (pet) in golden and beautiful cages. He also sold fish food and bird seed. He prescribed medicines for them. He knew how to treat the sick birds and animals. He advised his customer what to feed the birds on and how to look after the animals. He appeared to know everthing about birds and animals. He was a wise man. His behaviour with the customers was like that of a professional. He never thought about the value and importance of freedom. He deprived the birds of their freedom to gain money.

Question 2:
Bring out a contrast between Mr. Purcell and the customer.
Answer:
Purcell did not give much importance to freedom. He sold pets in cages and earned money. He took pleasure in encaging birds and animals. He was crazy about gaining money. But the customer was built of different stuff. His prison life had made him realise the value and meaning of freedom. He bought a pair of doves with the money he had earned in the jail. He drew out the doves from the cages and tossed them into the air. He took pleasure in freeing the encaged birds. Thus, we can say that both Mr. Purcell and the customer were shortly different from each other.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 7: Chandni

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 7: Chandni – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Comprehension Check (Page 45)

Question 1:
Why did Abbu Khan’s goats want to run away? What happened to them in the hills?
Answer:
Abbu Khan’s goats wanted to run away in order to enjoy freedom of movement and eat green grass. But they were killed and eaten up by a wolf in the hills.

Question 2:
Abbu Khan said, “No more goats in my house ever again”. Then he changed his mind. Why?
Answer:
Abbu Khan had a sad experience with his several pet goats. They all ran away to enjoy freedom. So he decided not to take any more pet. But he changed his mind because he felt very lonely.

Question 3:
Why did he buy a young goat?
Answer:
Abbu Khan bought a young goat thinking that it would stay with him much longer.

Comprehension Check (Page 49)

Question 1:
Why did Chandni hate the rope round her neck?
Answer:
Like other goats Chandni too missed the hills and longed for freedom. She was not afraid of the wolf. Abbu then put a rope round her neck and shut her in a small hut. Chandni could not help running towards the lovely hills. The rope pulled her back. So she hated it.

Question 2:
“Now Abbu Khan understood Chandni’s problem…” What was Chandni’s problem?
Answer:
Chandni’s problem was that she hated imprisonment. The hills called her. She was not frightened of the wild wolf. Abbu understood her problem, and her love for freedom.

Question 3:
Abbu Khan pushed Chandni into a small hut. This shows that he
(i) was cruel.
(ii) loved her and wanted to save her life.
(iii) was selfish.
Answer:
(ii) loved her and wanted to save her life.

Comprehension Check (Page 51)

Question 1:
Why did Chandni refuse to join the group of wild goats?
Answer:
Chandni rejected the offer because she wanted to enjoy her new freedom all by herself.

Question 2:
Chandni fought the wolf because she
(i) was stronger than the wolf.
(ii)hated the wolf.
(iii)had to retain her freedom at all costs.
Answer:
(ii) had to retain her freedom at all costs.

Exercises (Page 51)

Discuss the following topics in groups:

Question 1:
Why did the wise old bird say, “Chandni is the winner”?
Answer:
The wise old bird declared Chandni the winner because she struggled to her last breath to retain her freedom.

Question 2:
“Death in an open field is better than life in a small hut,” Chandni said to herself. Was it the right decision? Give reasons for your
Answer:
Chandni’s decision to enjoy free movement in the open fields rather than life in a small hut was right. No sacrifice is too great for winning freedom.

Question 3:
Freedom is life. Discuss this with reference to “Chandni” and “I want something in a Cage.”
Answer:
It is indeed very much true that slavery is a virtual death. Chandni, the goat, expressed her love for freedom by sacrificing her life. She fought a wolf boldly.
In the story I want something in a, cage, this love for freedom is expressed through ¹ a prisoner who spends all he had in order to buy freedom for a pair of birds. Both

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
Who was Abbu Khan?
Answer:
Abbu khan was an old man. He lived all alone in a little hut in Almora. He tamed a few goats. He grazed them during the day. At night, he would talk to them as if they were his children.

Question 2:
How can you say that Abbu Khan’s goats were of the best hill breed ?
Answer:
Goats in hilly regions hate being kept tied to trees or poles. They long for freedom. Abbu Khan’s goats too loved freedom. They broke loose their strings and disappeared in the hill. It shows they were of the best hill breed.

Question 3:
Why did Abbu Khan feel sad?
Answer:
Abbu Khan fed his goats on the juiciest grass and grains. He showered deep love on them as one showers on one’s children. Still they broke the ropes loose and ran straight into the jaws of death. It made Abbu Khan feel sad. Even the animals preferred death to slavery (bondage).

Question 4:
Why did Abbu Khan laugh with joy?
Answer:
The bigger goats did not stay for ever with Abbu Khan. They disappeared one after the other. So he bought a young goat. He thought that young goat will be grateful for his love and food. She would never think of the hills. It made him laugh with joy.

Question 5:
Why did Abbu Khan name his young goat as Chandni?
Answer:
The young goat was very pretty. She was white as snow. She had two little horns. She had gleaming red eyes. She had a friendly temperament. She was deeply interested in Abbu khan. Therefore, Abbu Khan named her as Chandni.

Question 6:
Why/when did Abbu Khan become unhappy?
Answer:
Abbu Khan learnt that Chandni desired to go to the hills. She had no temptation of eating tastier food or being tied with a longer rope. She did not heed to Abbu’s warning of being eaten up by an old wolf. She Answered back that she would fight the wolf. Her insistence to go to the hills made Abbu Khan unhappy.

II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
How did Chandni feel on reaching the hills?
Answer::
Chandni was hell-bent on going to the hills. She did not care the least for Abbu Khan’s loving words and warnings. Abbu Khan shut her in a small hat. However, she managed to make her passage through the window. She reached the hills. She thought that the hills were welcoming her. She felt that the tall grass longed to embrace her. The blooming flowers amused her. The wind also appeared pleasant to her. She considered herself lucky for seeking freedom from Abbu Khan’s prison house. She played joyfully for hours on the grassy slopes of the hills.

Question 2:
What misfortune came to Chandni after sunset?
Answer::
The sun disappeared behind the hills. Darkness prevailed every where on grass, flowers and trees. There was no wind. She heard a grunting sound of a dangerous wolf. She got scared and she thought of Abbu Khan but was not willing to return to him for safety. She considered death in open field far better than life in a small hut. The wolf came out of the bushes. He was sure that he would be able to eat the goat. The goat was also sure that she would be soon tom to pieces. But she did not lose courage. She stood firmly on her legs to face the wolf boldly. She got ready to put up a good fight. However, she was killed by the wolf.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 8: The Bear Story

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 8: The Bear Story – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Exercise (Page 57)

Answer the following questions:

Question 1:
Where did the lady find the bear cub? How did she bring it up?
Answer:
The lady found the bear cub in the forest near her house. She fed him with bottle milk. Her cook helped her in this task.

Question 2:
The bear grew up but “he was a most amiable bear”. Give three examples to prove this.
Answer:
The friendly bear was harmless. He watched amicably at the cattle grazing in the field. The children used to ride his back safely. The three dogs loved to play all sorts of games with him, pull his ears and his stump of a tail and tease him in every way.

Question 3:
What did the bear eat? There were two things he was not allowed to do. What were they?
Answer:
The bear ate the same food as the dogs. He was given bread, porridge, potatoes, cabbages and turnips. He was a vegetarian. He liked the apple most.
He was not allowed to pluck apples from the tree and attack the beehive.

Question 4:
When was the bear tied up with a chain? Why?
Answer:
The bear was usually tied up with a chain only at night and on Sundays when the lady visited her sister for lunch.

Question 5:
What happened one Sunday when the lady was going to her sister’s house? What did the lady do? What was the bear’s reaction?
Answer:
One Sunday while the lady was on way to her sister’s house, she heard the cracking of the branches behind her. She saw the bear following her. She punished him by hitting him on his nose with her umbrella. The bear turned round and went back.

Question 6:
Why was the bear looking sorry for himself in the evening? Why did the cook get angry with her mistress?
Answer:
The bear looked sad when the lady came back home in the evening. The poor creature had been in chains all day. He was kept waiting for the mistress to come and set him free.
The mistress scolded the bear for following her in the forest. The cook got angry. She told her mistress that the bear had been sitting gently all day and he didn’t to be treated harshly any more.

Discuss the following topics in groups.

Question 1:
Most people keep dogs and cats as pets. Can you think of some unusual pets that people keep?
Question 2:
The second bear did not attack the lady because he was afraid of her. Do you agree?
Answers
1. The unusual pets that people often keep are wolves, bears and tigers, snakes and even crocodiles.
2. The lady while crossing found a raw bear. It seemed he was taken aback to see the self-confidence of the lady. Her fearless behaviour frightened him.

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
In what ways did the bear become the lady’s pet animals?
Answer:
The lady gave milk to the half-dead bear and brought him up. The bear was friendly towards the dogs, children and other cattle grazing in the field. In this way he became the lady’s pet animal.

Question 2:
How did the bear grow up a vegetarian ?
Answer:
The bear cub was brought up on milk bottle. He was kept on bread, vegetables and fruit. He never tasted meat. So, he grew up a vegetarian.

Question 3:
Why did the bear climb up a tree and ate the apples ?
Answer:
The bear was fond of apples. He saw the apple trees in the orchard. He could not resist the temptation and climbed up the tree and ate the apples.

Question 4:
How was the bear punished when he attacked a beehive ?
Answer:
(i) The bear was hit on the nose, which bled.
(ii) He was put in chains for two days.

Question 5:
Why did the lady chain the bear on Sundays?
Answer:
The lady used to go to her sister’s house on Sundays. She chained the bear lest he should wander in the forest in her absence. She also feared that he would turn into a wild bear.

Question 6:
The cook loved the bear like her own son. Justify.
Answer:
The cook had brought up the baby bear on bittle milk. The lady wanted to punish the bear by chaining him for two days. The cook told the lady that the bear had not gone anywhere. She saved the bear from punishment. It shows that the cook loved the bear like her own son.

II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
Give the character sketch of the bear in The Bear Story’.
Answer:
The baby bear was brought up on milk. He ate only vegetarian food. He never tasted meat. He liked apples and honey. He never attacked the animals. He entered the stables of mountain ponies in a friendly manner. The dogs played with him and pulled his ears and tails. The children enjoyed a ride on his back. He was quite friendly with children and other animals. He was a gentle animal. He was the favourite of both the lady and the cook.

Question 2:
Give the character sketch of the lady in The Bear Story’.
Answer:
The lady is very kind. Once she finds a bear cub in the forest. She tames the baby bear. She brings him up like her own son. She feeds him on milk bottle.
She gives him an apple to eat everyday. She gives him vegetarian diet. Sometimes she punishes the bear for his bad behaviour. She pets him before chaining.
The lady is very bold. She crosses the forest alone fearlessly. She hits the wild bear hard when he chases her in the forest. She does not tolerate disobedience even on the part of her pet bear. She is fond of taming animals.

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