Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science with Solutions Set 9 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 9 with Solutions
Time : 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
- Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
- Section A – From question 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
- Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words.
- Section C contains Q.25to Q.29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words.
- Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
- Section-E – Questions no from 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each.
- Section F – Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and 37b from Geography (3 marks).
- There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
- In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
Section – A
MCQs (1 x 20 = 20)
Question 1.
Which of the following is NOT applicable for a worker called Shyama working in the organised sector?
(a) Shyama gets a regular salary at the end of the month for her work.
(b) She is not paid for a leave she takes when she falls ill.
(c) She gets medical allowance to handle emergency medical situations like surgery.
(d) She got an appointment letter stating the terms and conditions of work when she joined her workplace. [1]
Answer:
(b) She is not paid for a leave she takes when she falls ill.
Explanation: In an organised sector, employees are given medical leaves. They are paid despite being absent from work if the reason behind their absence is medical in nature. For example- Maternity leaves given to pregnant women who receive their pay for a fixed period even when they are on leave during child birth and after that.
Question 2.
Observe the picture below carefully and answer the following question:
Which of the following challenges is being highlighted in this cartoon?
(a) the challenge of growing role of money and muscle power in parties.
(b) the challenge of lack of internal democracy within parties
(c) the challenge of dynastic succession
(d) the challenge of external democracy and party politics [1]
Answer:
(a) the challenge of growing role of money and muscle power in parties
Explanation: The woman can be seen bribing the person in authority in the party with money. Influential people use money and muscle power to sway political parties in their favour and to make them work according to their interests. This is one of the most fundamental challenges faced by political parties.
Related Theory:
Political parties are focused on winning elections. They nominate rich candidates. Rich people and big companies who fund the parties, tend to have an influence on the policies and decisions of the party. Parties can support criminals too if they can win the elections for them. This increasing role of rich people and big companies in democratic politics is a challenge to democrats all over the world.
Question 3.
Which of the following options can be an ideal developmental goal for an unemployed urban youth?
(a) An opportunity to travel across the world and learn new languages.
(b) A stable job appropriate to his qualifications.
(c) An opportunity to study for other degrees.
(d) Both (a) and (c) [1]
Answer:
(b) A stable job appropriate to his qualifications
Explanation: Development Goals are decided according to immediate requirements of people for development. For an unemployed youth who is qualified and well educated, a stable job which meets his qualifications is the most appropriate development goal.
Question 4.
Which type of government was functioning in France before the revolution of 1789?
(a) Dictatorship
(b) Military Rule
(c) Monarchical Rule
(d) Council of French Citizen was ruling [1]
Answer:
(c) Monarchical Rule
Explanation: France was a full-fledged territorial state in 1789 under the rule of an absolute monarch. The political and constitutional changes that came in the wake of the French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens.
Question 5.
Which of the following countries can provide a cheap manufacturing location to MNCs?
(a) Australia
(b) India
(c) United States of America
(d) Japan [1]
Answer:
(b) India
Explanation: Developing countries provide a cheap manufacturing location because they have abundance of labour and raw material. They have cheaper transportation and are well connected because of the newly developing infrastructure.
Related Theory:
India has highly skilled engineers who can understand the technical aspects of production. It also has educated English speaking youth who can provide customer care services.
Question 6.
Decisions in democracy are generally delayed because of which of the following features of democracy?
(a) Democratic government is formed by the choice of the people of the country.
(b) Democratic government is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation.
(c) Democratic government listens to the voice of both minority and majority.
(d) Democratic government promotes the dignity and harmony of each individual. [1]
Answer:
(b) Democratic government is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation.
Explanation: Since Democracy involves general consensus among members of legislature both at Central and State level- which means lengthy discussion and negotiation among the hundreds of members of these bodies. It becomes time consuming. However this deliberation and negotiation represents the idea of taking into consideration interests of each and every citizen of the country while deciding something that affects them all. This makes decisions legitimate.
Question 7.
What is a vellum?
(a) a kind of vehicle
(b) a kind of animal
(c) a kind of stationary material
(d) a kind of musical instrument [1]
Answer:
(c) a kind of stationary material
Explanation: A vellum is a parchment made from the skin of animals. Luxury editions were still handwritten on very expensive vellum, meant for aristocratic circles and rich monastic libraries which scoffed at printed books as cheap vulgarities.
Related Theory:
By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the Press system. The first book he printed was the Bible.
Caution:
Terms mentioned in the chapter must be written separately in a list. Each of such terms can be asked in the exam in form of definitions. Students must pay attention to these terms and memorise a short definition of each one of them in their own words.
Question 8.
Which deposits are formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates?
(a) Mica
(b) Limestone
(c) Bauxite
(d) Manganese [1]
Answer:
(c) Bauxite
Explanation: Bauxite, a clay-like substance that alumina and later aluminium is obtained. Bauxite deposits are formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates.
Related Theory:
Aluminium combines the strength of metals such as iron, with extreme lightness and also with good conductivity and great malleability.
Question 9.
Choose the correctly matched pair
(a) Life expectancy at birth – weight
(b) BMI – height
(c) Infant mortality rate – height
(d) Literacy rate – attendance in school [1]
Answer:
(b) BMI – height
Explanation: Body mass index is calculated by measuring weight and height and thereafter dividing them. Other pairs are not inter-related. Correctly matched pairs are: Life expectancy at birth-age and nutrition Infant mortality rate-age and nutrition literacy rate academic skills.
Question 10.
Following are some suggestions to reform parties and leaders in India. Identify which of them is helpful to curb the misuse of money and muscle power in politics. Suggestions:
(I) There should be state funding of elections.
(II) Parties should give one-third of its tickets to women candidates.
(III) Parties should look for leaders from humble background.
(IV) A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties.
Options:
(a) (I) and (IV)
(b) (I) and (II)
(c) (I), (II) and (III)
(d) (I), (III) and (IV) [1]
Answer:
(b) (i) and (ii)
Explanation: State funding of elections means the government should give parties money to support their election expenses. This support could be given in kind (petrol, paper, telephone etc.) or it could be given in cash on the basis of the votes secured by the party in the last election.
Similarly, there should be a quota for women in the decision making bodies of the party other than giving one-third of party tickets to women candidates.
Related Theory:
The Supreme Court of India passed an order to reduce the growing role of money and muscle power which make it mandatory for every candidate who contests elections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him. This has made a lot of information available to the public.
Question 11.
Chinkara is the other name given to:
(a) a dolphin
(b) a Gharial
(c) a Black Buck
(d) a Kashmiri Stag [1]
Answer:
(c) A Black Buck
Question 12.
How does the private sector contribute in the development of a nation?
(a) It increases the demand of the products by advertisements.
(b) It funds the welfare scheme for the disadvantaged classes.
(c) It raises the revenue of the country massively.
(d) It provides luxurious services to the rich. [1]
Answer:
(c) It increases the productivity of the country in the manufacturing of industrial goods.
Explanation: Activities in the private sector are guided by the motive to earn profits. However, through the sale of goods and services, the activities of the private sector exponentially increases the revenue of the country.
Caution:
Reading between the lines is an extremely important device to understand and use. For students, every statement given in the chapter is important but rather than rote learning, it is important for them to understand what a statement implies and then relate it to other sub-topic. Most conceptual questions are based on such topics.
Question 13.
Identify the personality with the help of given hints.
(I) He headed the Awadh Peasant movement along with Baba Ramchandra.
(II) He was the President of Lahore Congress Session in December 1929.
(III) He addressed the peasants in United Provinces after the Rae Bareli farming in 1921.
(a) M. R. Jayakar
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Jawahar Lai Nehru
(d) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel [1]
Answer:
(c) Jawahar Lal Nehru
Explanation: In June 1920, Jawaharlal Nehru began going around the villages in Awadh, talking to the villagers, and trying to understand their grievances. By October, the Awadh Kisan Sabha was set up headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra and a few others.
Question 14.
Rnd the odd one out:
(a) Nehru, Sardar Patel, Tilak
(b) Gandhi, C. R. Das
(c) M. R. Jaykar, Iqbal, Irwin
(d) Motilal Nehru, Bose, Ghaffar Khan [1]
Answer:
(c) M.R. Jaykar, Iqbal, Irwin
Explanation: All the other options include leoders which were a part of Indian National Congress at one point in their careers.
Question 15.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below:
Assertion (A): An industrial society based on mass production cannot be sustained without mass consumption.
Reason (R): The goal of full employment could only be achieved if governments had power to control flows of goods, capital and labour.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and the Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but the Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true. [1]
Answer:
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation: An industrial society based on mass production cannot be sustained without mass consumption because people need incomes to sustain lifestyles. If not for demand, the supply wouldn’t rise.
Related Theory:
To ensure mass consumption, there was a need for high and stable incomes. Incomes could not be stable if employment was unstable. Thus stable incomes also required steady, full employment which can only be provided if the government ensures this.
Question 16.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below:
Assertion (A): The cost to the borrower of informal loans is much higher.
Reason (R): The principals of these kinds of loans are really large.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and the Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but the Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true. [1]
Answer:
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation: The cost to the borrower of informal loans is much higher because the rates of interest are really high and the borrower has to almost pay double take principal borrowed in the name of interest. This happens because informal loans are lent without collateral and arbitrarily.
Question 17.
Observe the table and answer the following question:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| (A) | Ninety five theses | (I) | Martin Luthur King |
| (B) | Kesari | (II) | Tilak |
| (C) | Ramcharitmanas | (III) | …………….. |
| (D) | Amar Jiban | (IV) | Rashsundar Devi |
Based on your understanding of the relationship between items in Column A and B, choose the option that fills the blank most appropriately.
(a) jyotiba Phule
(b) Valmiki
(c) Tulsidas
(d) Tarabai Shinde [1]
Answer:
(c) Tulsidas
Explanation: Tulsidas wrote Ramcharitmanas in the sixteenth century. The first printed edition of this book came out in 1810 in Culcutta
Question 18.
Identify the sanctuary mentioned in the hints.
In this sanctuary, villagers have fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act. In many areas, villagers themselves are protecting habitats and explicitly rejecting government involvement.
(a) Sacred Groves
(b) Sariska Tiger Reserve
(c) Buxa Tiger Reserve
(d) Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri [1]
Answer:
(b) Sariska Tiger Reserve
Explanation: In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
Related Theory:
The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared 1,200 hectares of forest as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri, declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not allow hunting, and are protecting the wildlife against any outside encroachments.
Question 19.
The Central government has the power of making laws on which of the following subjects?
(a) Subjects in the Union list.
(b) Subjects in the state list.
(c) Subjects in the concurrent list.
(d) Central govt cen make laws on all the mentioned lists. [1]
Answer:
(d) Central government can make laws on all the mentioned lists.
Explanation: Central Government generally makes laws on subjects in Union and Concurrent list but can also make laws on subjects involved in State list of requested by two or more states in form of writing. Thus, Central Government can make laws on all the three lists with certain restrictions due to the federal setup of Indian administration.
Question 20.
King Victor Emmanuel II belonged to which of the following countries?
(a) England
(b) Spain
(c) France
(d) Italy [1]
Answer:
(d) Italy
Related Theory:
In 1861 Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of united Italy.
Section – B
Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 x 4 = 8)
Question 21.
Why are metalled roads are called all weather roads?
OR
What is an agglomeration economy? [2]
Answer:
Metalled Roads are made of cement, concrete and bitumen of coal which makes them strong enough to handle all kinds of weather. This makes these roads accessible even in the roughest rain or snow storms. Thus they are known as all weather roads.
OR
Co-operation of multiple industries together at a place (generally urban centres) which also offers other tax, market and raw material related benefits are called Agglomeration Economics.
Question 22.
How are the modern forms of money different from the early forms of money? [2]
Answer:
Facts that show modern forms of money are different from the early forms of money:
- Modern forms of money include currency- paper, notes and coins, while the older form included gold or silver coins and even grains and objects.
- Unlike the things that were used as money earlier, modern currency is not made of precious metal such as gold, silver and copper, grains or cloth.
- Value of the new currency is not calculated by the material it is made of. Paper is cheaper than metal yet still larger in value in form notes.
- Modern currency also includes debit cards, online transfers and other forms in which currency is not present in physical form. It is transferred virtually to the seller.
Question 23.
What were people’s apprehension’s weather roads? associated with the printed books? [2]
Answer:
People were apprehensive of the impact printed books had on the minds of people who read them. It was feared that if there was no control over what was printed and read then rebellious and irreligious thoughts might spread.
Question 24.
How do Political parties encourage public participation in a democracy? Elaborate. [2]
Answer:
Political Parties encourage public participation in the following ways:
- Political parties raise issues keeping interests of various classes and caste groups in mind. This encourages participation of the involved communities in taking a decision.
- They also stage various protests against dissatisfying policies and procedures which gives the public a platform to come ahead and speak for themselves.
Section – C
Short Answer Type Questions (3 x 5 = 15)
Question 25.
What was the aim of the business class in supporting the Civil Disobedience movement and how did they help? [3]
Answer:
During the First World War, Indian merchants and industrialists had made huge profits. They wanted relief against colonial policies that restricted business activities.
- They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods along with a rupeesterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports.
- They formed various organisations to organise their interests and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement with financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods.
- After the movement was called off once, they lost interest. Later they were apprehensive of the spread of militant activities and withdrew support.
Question 26.
What is Bank? Illustrate the functions of a Bank. [3]
Answer:
Banks are institutions which accept the deposits from the public. they allow withdrawal of money by cheques and by demand deposits and provide advance loans of various types to the borrowers.
Following are the functions of a bank:
- Depositor of Money: Banks accepts deposits from customers in various forms. It can be in the form of saving account deposits, current account and fixed deposits.
- Interest on Savings: It gives interests on the savings to the customers. This can add on to their principal amount deposited earlier and can give a handsome return to the depositors.
- Withdrawal Facilities: It provides withdrawal facilities to the customers as and when needed.
- Providing Loan: It gives loans and advances to the borrowers and charge certain interests on them.
- Agency Function: It provides agency function like transfer of funds, collection of funds, payment of various items, purchase and sale of shares and securities. (Mention any 3 points)
Question 27.
How is the sharing of power between the Union and the State Government basic of the structure of the constitution of India? Explain. [3]
Answer:
Power sharing is a basic structure of constitution. This can be asserted in the following ways:
- It is not easy to make changes in power sharing arrangement. The process is long and tedious.
- Parliament has not been given the sole power to change this arrangement.
- Any change to it has to be first passed by both the houses of parliament, with at least 2/3 majority. It has to be ratified by legislature of at least half of the total states.
Question 28.
What are millets? Why are millets a very important food crop in India? [3]
Answer:
Millets are a group of highly variable small- seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Millets are very important food crop in India because:
- They are crops with very high nutritional value. These are used as food crops as well as fodder crops also.
- These crop is favoured due to its productivity and short growing season under dry, high temperature conditions. They are also known as coarse grains.
- Jowar, Bajra and Ragi are the important millets grown in India.
Question 29.
“There is overwhelming support for the idea of democracy all over the world.” Support the statement.
OR
Democracy is more effective than its other alternatives. Justify the statement. [3]
Answer:
There is an overwhelming support for the idea of democracy all over the world because:
- A democratic government is people’s own government.
- The evidence from South Asia shows that the support exists in countries with democratic regimes.
- People wished to be ruled by representatives elected by them.
- People believe that democracy is suitable for their country.
- Democracy has the ability to generate its own support which in itself is an outcome that cannot be ignored.
OR
Democracy is more effective than its other alternatives in the following ways:
- Democracy promotes equality among citizens.
- It enhances the dignity of the individual.
- It also improves the quality of decision-making.
- It provides a method to resolve conflicts.
- It gives room to correct mistakes.
- Democratic government is a legitimate government.
- Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored. (Mention any 3 points)
Section – D
Long Answer Type Questions (5 x 4 = 20)
Question 30.
What are Multinational Corporations? Describe any three features of multinational corporations.
OR
Describe the role of technology in promoting globalisation process. [5]
Answer:
Multinational corporations are the companies that own or control the manufacturing of goods in more than one country. They are based in multiple countries and thereby control and integrate markets through the same. They base their operations in suitable countries to earn the most profit.
Some of the main features of a multi-national Cooperation are:
- They set up factories and offices in more than one country.
- Multi-National corporations run through Foreign and domestic investments and employ thousands of employees in different countries on both contract and permanent basis.
- Multi-National corporations help in integrating markets and transfer of culture from one country to another.
For example-PUMA, Ranbaxxy, Asian Paints, Hero Honda, Google etc.
OR
The contribution of technology in globalization is as follows:
- There have been many improvements in the transport sector, which helps in the export and import of goods. This increases trade relations between countries.
- Since technology improves efficiency, the process of exchange has become faster and cheaper.
- Development in information and communications technology has been the most beneficial since information can now sent across the world.
- Developments in IT have also led to the production of services through outsourcing like call centres, online teaching, etc.
- Telecommunications have improved contact between people. People living in two different countries can easily remain in touch with minimal prices.
- Now, people can place an order for anything from any part of the world and it is at there doorstep with in the next few days. (Any 5 of 6 points can be written to get full marks)
Question 31.
Railways are the principal mode of transportation in India. Explain.
OR
What is the manufacturing sector? Why is it considered the backbone of development? Interpret the reason. [5]
Answer:
Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. There are various reasons behind it.
(1) Railways make it possible to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, and pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances.
(2) Apart from an important means of transport, Indian Railways has been a great integrating force for more than 150 years.
(3) Railways in India bind the economic life of the country as well as accelerate the development of the industry and agriculture.
(4) The Indian Railways have a network of 7,031 stations spread over a route Length of 63,221 km. with a fleet of 7817 locomotives, 5321 passenger services vehicles, 4904 other coach vehicles and 228,170 wagons as on 31 March 2004.
(5) Railways are the cheapest mode of transportation. They can be used by rich and poor classes alike. For long distances, they can transfer both goods and people easily.
OR
Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing. The sector that carries this process out is known as Manufacturing Sector.
It is considered the backbone of development because:
(1) It not only helps in modernising agriculture but also forms the backbone of our economy by employing a large number of people. It also reduces the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
(2) It provides new modern techniques for farmers to apply to increase their agricultural produce.
(3) Industrial development is a pre-requisite for eradication of unemployment and poverty from a country.
(4) Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce. It helps to bring in more foreign reserves and strengthens the economy of our country.
(5) Establishing industries in backward and tribal areas helps them progress and mix better with other developed areas. Thus, it helps in regional development
Question 32.
Highlight the relationship between democracy and economic development?
OR
Suggest and explain any five ways to reform Political Parties in India. [5]
Answer:
The relationship between democracy and economic development is as follows:
- Democracies promote dignity and progress and thus are expected to produce development.
- Democracy is not directly related or proportional to economic development.
- Between Democracies and dictatorships, dictatorships have been known to produce better higher rates of economic growth.
- Economic development of any country depends on country’s population and size, global market, demand and supply, economic policies pursued by the government, the technology etc.
- Multiple variables affect the relationship between democracy and economic development, so even when democracies are able to achieve redistribution of economic resource, economic growth is still not guaranteed.
OR
- A law should be made to regulate the internaL affairs of poLiticaL parties.
- It should be made compulsory for the political parties to maintain an attendance register of its members.
- It should be made mandatory for political parties to reserve 1/3rd seats for its women candidates.
- There should be a quota to choose and appoint women to the decision-making bodies of the party.
- There should be state funding of elections. Vote casting should be made compulsory in each election.
Question 33.
Highlight the origin and role of the Hindustan Socialist Republic Army.
OR
“Print Revolution in sixteenth century Europe transformed the lives of people.” Support the statement with suitable arguments. [5]
Answer:
In 1928, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi. Amongst its leaders were Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh to fight against British colonial rule in India and achieve independence for the country through an armed rebellion if necessary. The Army was made of zealous individuals who believed moderate and constitutional methods would not be able to achieve Independence and Indians will have to gather together to fight British out of their land.
The HSRA targeted different symbols of British power in India in several instances, some of which included throwing a bomb at the legislative assembly. The army stood for revolution in a society but used violence as a method to achieve that.
Several revolutionary members of this party were hanged and executed due to their notorious activities against the British Government.
OR
Print revolution in sixteenth century Europe transformed the lives of people in the following ways:
(1) Print culture also affected the life of poor people and women in many ways. The print gave birth to a new form of popular literature. Very small books were brought out. They were sold at crossroads.
(2) The poor people brought these books and read with great interest. Books were cheap so that the poor people could also afford them.
(3) Reading by women increased enormously in middle class homes. Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their women folk at home and sending them to schools. Women schools were also set up.
(4) Print popularized the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers. Collectively, their writings provided a critical commentary on tradition, superstition and despotism.
(5) The ideas of scientists and philosophers now became more accessible to the common people.
Related Theory:
The Print Revolution transformed the lives of people by opening the door of knowledge to a vast literate population. It also changed people’s relationship to information and knowledge and with institutions and authorities.
Section – E
Case Based Questions (3 x 4 = 12)
Question 34.
Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
Political parties are easily one of the most visible institutions in a democracy. For most ordinary citizens, democracy is equal to political parties. If you travel to remote parts of our country and speak to the less educated citizens, you could come across people who may not know anything about our Constitution or about the nature of our government.
But chances are that they would know something about our political parties. At the same time this visibility does not mean popularity. Most people tend to be very critical of political parties. They tend to blame parties for all that is wrong with our democracy and our political life. Parties have become identified with social and political divisions.
(A) What is a political party? [1]
(B) Define partisanship. [1]
(C) Analyse the reason for blaming political parties. [2]
Answer:
(A) A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. Explanation: All those who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government agree on some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote the collective good.
(B) A person who is strongly committed to a party, group or faction is called partisan. Partisanship is marked by a brandency to take sides and inability to be natural about a decision.
(C) People blame political parties for all that is wrong with democracy and our political life because they are the most visible institutions in a democracy.
However, it is wrong to blame political parties for the loopholes in democracy because political parties are only instruments to implement the pronciples of democracy. They are not a constituent of democracy.
Question 35.
Read the given source and answer the following questions:
Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India. In the past, these were used to transport water to cities and industries. Now, these are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants.
Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into slurry. The far inland locations of refineries like Barauni, Mathura, Panipat and gas based fertilizer plants could be thought of only because of pipelines.
(A) Mention the names of goods that can be generally transferred through pipelines. [1]
(B) How is pipelines an environment-friendly mode of transport? [1]
(C) Mention two problems associated with the use of pipelines. [2]
Answer:
(A) Pipelines can transfer slurry, liquid fuels, gasses and water from one place to another.
(B) Pipelines is an environment-friendly mode of transport because:
- It doesn’t release any gasses or fumes while the transfer is taking place leading to almost zero wastage or leakage.
- It doesn’t leave behind any residues to be dumped or disposed off anywhere.
(C) Two problems associated with the use of pipelines are:
- Initial cost of laying pipelines is very high.
- Maintenance might obstruct the working of the pipelines for a long time. Also, pipelines cannot be laid in all terrains. Suitable conditions are necessary.
Question 36.
Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
Suppose for the present that a particular country is quite developed. We would certainly like this level of development to go up further or at least be maintained for future generations. This is obviously desirable. However, since the second half of the twentieth century, a number of scientists have been warning that the present type, and levels, of development are not sustainable.
For example, recent evidence suggests that the groundwater is under serious threat of overuse in many parts of the country. About 300 districts have reported a water level decline of over 4 metres during the past 20 years. ‘Nearly one-third of the country is overusing their groundwater reserves. In another 25 years, 60 percent of the country would be doing the same if the present way of using this resource continues.
Groundwater overuse is particularly found in the agriculturally prosperous regions of Punjab and Western up, hard rock plateau areas of central and south India, same coastal areas and the rapidly growing urban settlements.
(A) Mention two examples of renewable resources? [1]
(B) Analyse the reason behind overuse of groundwater resources. [1]
(C) How can ground water be conserved? [2]
Answer:
(A) Groundwater and Solar Power
Explanation: Groundwater is a renewable resource because this is replenished by nature as in the case of crops and plants.
(B) Groundwater is a source of freshwater. It is exploited in Punjab and Uttar Pradesh because:
- The regions are heavily dependent upon rainfall and external water supply for irrigation. Groundwater resources are utilized to fulfill this requirement.
- These regions are densely populated and groundwater is their primary source of potable drinking water. Rising population puts greater pressure on these resource.
(C) Two measures for groundwater conservation are:
- Recycle, reuse and treat the used water so it can be further upcycled for other purposes.
- Minimise surface run-off and cultivate crops with a lower water footprint.
Section – F
Map Based Questions (2 + 3 = 5)
Question 37.
(a) Two places A and B have been marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify them with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them.
(A) A place where cotton mill workers organised their Satyagraha.
(B) A place where Congress Session was held in December 1927 [2]
(b) Locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline political map of India.
(a) Singrauli – Thermal Power Plant.
(b) Mumbai – Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport.
(c) Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
(d) Gandhinagar STP [3]
Answer:
(a) (A) Ahmedabad (B) Nagpur
(b) Located and labelled on the map.
