Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science with Solutions Set 2 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science Set 2 with Solutions
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
All questions are compulsory. The question paper has 34 questions.
- Questions from serial number 1 to 20 of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 20 words each.
- Questions from serial number 21 to 23 are of 2 marks each. Answer of these questions should not exceed 50 words each.
- Questions from serial number 24 to 27 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
- Question from serial number 28 to 31 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 120 words each.
- Question number 32 to 34 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 170 words each.
Section-A (20 Marks)
Question 1.
What do you mean by writ of mandamus? [1]
Answer:
This writ is issued when the court finds that a particular officeholder is not doing legal duty.
Question 2.
What are Lok Adalats? [1]
Answer:
The courts popular among the common citizens that help in speedy trials, hearings and decisions of cases.
Question 3.
Why are elections needed? [1]
Answer:
Elections help the citizens of the country to elect representatives who can govern and administer the country on their behalf.
Question 4.
Name two States of India that had introduced Local Governments between 1960s and 1970s. [1]
Answer:
Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan.
Question 5.
Name two activities that cannot be claimed as right by the citizens. [1]
Answer:
Smoking and consuming banned drugs cannot be claimed as rights by the citizens.
Question 6.
What is the importance of Basque? [1]
Answer:
Basque is a hilly and a prosperous region located in Spain. The region is recognised as an autonomous region within Spanish federation and the nationalist leaders of the country want to declare it as an independent nation.
Question 7.
Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner of India? [1]
Answer:
The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner of India in consultation with the Council of Ministers.
Question 8.
What is the meaning of the term ‘duties’? [1]
Answer:
Duties mean anything that we are bound to perform. It also means giving an opportunity to others to enjoy their rights.
Question 9.
Name the Viceroy of India who introduced the concept of Panchayati Raj in India? [1]
Answer:
Lord Ripon.
Question 10.
What is patriarchy? [1]
Answer:
It is a type of inequality practiced in the society where the males are considered to be superior to females in the family hierarchy.
Question 11.
Who is Nelson Mandela? [1]
Answer:
Nelson Mandela was a famous leader of South Africa and is known for his struggle against Apartheid.
Question 12.
Define the Right to Life. [1]
Answer:
It is the right to live without fear, injury and an external danger and not the right to take away one’s own life (as suicide has been declared a crime).
Question 13.
Expand FPTP and PR. [1]
Answer:
(i) FPTP stands for First Past The Post system.
(ii) PR stands for Proportional Representation system.
Question 14.
When is a citizen called a nationalist? [1]
Answer:
A citizen is called a nationalist when he or she:
(i) Has shared political ideals
(ii) Respects laws of the State.
(iii) Has shared beliefs.
(iv) Feels pride in belonging to the country.
Question 15.
What is meant by freedom? [1]
Answer:
Freedom is a situation that limits the constraints on individuals and allows them to expand their ability and reach their potential
Question 16.
What does the rule of law means? [1]
Answer:
Rule of law means that all laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law.
Question 17.
What is the revised age of retirement for judges of High Courts? [1]
Answer:
The revised age of retirement is 62 years. However, the Judges can voluntarily resign before the age of retirement.
Question 18.
Name any four sources of income of Local Governments?
Answer:
Some of the sources are:
(i) Local taxes.
(ii) Grants from Central and State Governments.
(iii) Entertainment tax.
(iv) Municipal taxes.
(v) House tax.
Question 19.
What do you understand by the term ‘nation’? [1]
Answer:
An ‘imagined’ community, held together by the collective beliefs, aspirations and imaginations of its members.
Question 20.
Define the term ‘Judiciary’. [1]
Answer:
Judiciary is an independent organ to settle down the disputes arisen between the individuals or groups or government on the basis of the rule of law.
Section-B (6 Marks)
Question 21.
Explain the term ‘democratic’. [2]
Answer:
A country is said to be democratic if:
(i) Each adult citizen must have one vote and each vote must have one value.
(ii) The government is elected directly or indirectly by the people.
(iii) The government rules within limits set by constitutional law and citizens’ rights.
Question 22.
Write a note on slave trade. [2]
Answer:
With the growth of industrialisation, various individuals and traders enslaved Africans and transported them to work in sugar, rice and coffee plantations. With advent of time, these slaves were purchased and sold in open market and were started being treated as commodities. This phase is known as slave trade.
Question 23.
What is the role of Preamble to the Constitution? [2]
Answer:
The Preamble to the Constitution defines the nature of the State as well as serves to be an introduction to the Constitution and the authority governing the Constitution.
Section-C (16 Marks)
Question 24.
What are the advantages of Unicameral Legislature? [4]
Answer:
The advantages of unicameral legislature are :
(i) Power is concentrated in one house.
(ii) Decision-making is flexible and efficient as bills are introduced and passed in only a single house.
(iii) It saves time, money and effort.
(iv) More matters can be discussed during the session of the legislature.
Question 25.
What is the necessity of disarmament? [4]
Answer:
Disarmament is necessary because:
(i) If the tendency of manufacturing arms and strong deadly weapons is not checked in time, it may result in World War HI and threaten humanity and the civilization.
(ii) The military expenditure is highly expensive. It is unproductive and this amount may be utilised for some constructive uses and reduce unemployment, poverty, hunger, etc. prevailing in the country.
Question 26.
What was the erstwhile Fundamental Right to Property and Work? [4]
Answer:
This Fundamental Right was recalled through 44th Amendment to the Constitution of India. It was reclassified as a legal right. This right provides citizens with incentives to work to achieve their desired goals. The property may be immovable like, farms, land, houses, factories, etc., as well as movable like cash, jewellery, furniture, vehicles, etc. It is considered as a duty of the society to provide work and means of livelihood to all members of the society.
Question 27.
What is the objective behind modernisation? [4]
Answer:
Modernisation is the systematic process involving a complementary change in the demographic, social, economic and political sectors of the society to increase material standard of living and subsidiary phenomenon etc. It is the goal to be achieved by countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
It is an onward phenomenon, a forward movement or a backward movement towards economic diversification within an industrial technology and heightened social mobility. It aims at impersonal and rationalised social relationships.
Section-D (20 Marks)
Question 28.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follow: [5]
The President also has veto power by which he/she can withhold or refuse to give assent to Bills (other than Money Bills) passed by the Parliament. Every bill passed by the Parliament goes to the President for his/her assent before it becomes a law. The President can send the bill back to the Parliament asking it to reconsider the bill.
This ‘veto’ power is limited because, if the Parliament passes the same bill again and sends it back to the President, then, the President has to give assent to that bill. However, there is no mention in the Constitution about the time limit within which the President must send the bill back for reconsideration.
This means that the President can just keep the bill pending with him without any time limit. This gives the President an informal power to use the veto in a very effective manner. This is sometimes referred to as ‘pocket veto’.
(i) What do you understand by the ‘Veto’ power of the President?
(ii) State the procedure of passing a bill in the Parliament and becoming a law?
(iii) What is a ‘Pocket Veto’?
Answer:
(i) The ‘Veto Power’ authorises the President to refuse giving assent to any bills passed in the parliament except the money bill.
(ii) When a bill is passed by the parliament, it is sent to the President for according assent. The President can send the bill back once to the Parliament for reconsideration. When the assent is accorded by the President, the bill becomes the Law.
(iii) If the bill is reconsidered and revised by the. Parliament and subsequently sent to the President for approval, the President has to give assent. Since the Constitution is silent on the matter of time limit in which the assent has to be given, the President can keep the bill pending with him/her for an unlimited period of time. This gives an indirect ‘Veto Power’ to the President. This is known as ‘Pocket Veto’.
Question 29.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follow: [5]
The Constitutional amendments assigned as many as 29 subjects to the local governments. All these subjects are related to functions linked to local welfare and development needs. The experience with the functioning of local government in the past decade has shown that local governments in India enjoy limited autonomy to perform the functions assigned to them.
Many States have not transferred most of the subjects to the local bodies. This means that the local bodies cannot really function in an effective manner. Therefore, the entire exercise of electing so many representatives becomes somewhat symbolic. Some people criticize the formation of the local bodies because this has not changed the way in which decisions are taken at the central and the State level.
People at the local level do not enjoy much powers of choosing welfare programmes or allocation of resources.
(i) What is the passage about?
(ii) How many subjects are covered under the State list?
(iii) What is the common principle in choosing the subjects covered under the State list?
(iv) Do the local governments have extensive or limited liability?
(v) State one point of criticism for local government.
Answer:
(i) The passage is about the effect of Amendments to the Constitution signifying the role of local governments.
(ii) According to the passage, 29 subjects are covered under the State List.
(iii) All the subjects covered under the State List are based on the principle of development at local level.
(iv) The local governments have limited liability only as the state governments have not actually transferred the powers to the local governments and hence these have not been actually functional.
(v) Since there is not actual involvement of people at central and state level governments, the welfare programmes launched by these governments have not been actually meaningful.
Question 30.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follow: [5]
Let us look at a very different kind of secularism practised in Turkey in the first half of the twentieth century. This secularism was not about principled distance from organised religion, instead it involved, active intervention in and suppression of, religion. This version of secularism was propounded and practised by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.
He came to power after the first war. He was determined to put an end to the institution of Khalifa in the public life of Turkey. Ataturk was convinced that only a clear break with traditional thinking and expressions could elevate Turkey from the sorry state it was in. He set out in an aggressive manner to modernise and secularise Turkey.
Ataturk changed his own name from Mustafa Kemal Pasha to Kemal Ataturk (Ataturk translates as Father of the Turks). The Fez, a traditional cap worn by Muslims, was banned by the Hat Law. Western clothing was encouraged for men and women. The Western (Gregorian) calendar replaced the traditional Turkish calendar. In 1928, the new Turkish alphabet (in a modified Latin form) was adopted.
(i) Kemal Ataturk was earlier known as:
(a) Mustafa Kemal Pasha
(b) Father of the Turks
(c) Osman
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Mustafa Kemal Pasha
(ii) What steps were taken by Ataturk to promote secularism in Turkey?
(a) He put an end to the institution of Khalifa
(b) He declared Turkey as a secular state
(c) The traditional cap of Muslims was banned.
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
(iii) The Turkish calendar replace with the:
(a) Bhartiya Panchang
(b) Gregorian Calendar
(c) Chinese Calendar
(d) Egyptian Calendar
Answer:
(b) Gregorian Calendar
(iv) The Fez was banned by the ____.
(a) Cap Law
(b) Cloth Law
(c) Hat Law
(d) Western Law
Answer:
(c) Hat Law
Question 31.
Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: [5]
You must retire from politics at once! Your activities are having a bad influence on him. He thinks he can get away with lying and cheating.
(i) What is depicted in the cartoon?
(ii) List down some negative opinions about politicians.
Answer:
(i) The cartoon depicts that the politics is completely surrounded by lies and those living around politicians also develop some of such bad qualities in their daily life.
(ii) Some of the bad opinions about politicians are:
(a) Politicians tell lies frequently, which as a habit; they start telling to their family and loved ones also.
(b) Politicians generally want to gain power at each and every cost.
(c) Politics is a dirty career and suitable only for those who have money or muscle power.
Section-E (18 Marks)
Question 32.
Give two examples each to support the following conclusions about the Indian Constitution:
(i) The Constitution was made by credible leaders who commanded peoples’ respect.
(ii) The Constitution has distributed power in such a way as to make it difficult to subvert it.
(iii) The Constitution is the locus of people’s hopes and aspirations.
OR
Explain the composition of Election Commission of India. [6]
Answer:
(i) The two examples in support of the statement are:
(a) The members of constituent Assembly were representatives of various communities, provinces, religions as well as princely states.
(b) There were 28 Scheduled Caste members in the Constituent Assembly.
(ii) The two examples in support of the statement are:
(a) If any of the institutions supersedes its powers, the other related institutions act as a barrier to it.
(b) The amendment to the Constitution is a laborious task, which cannot be done overnight.
(iii) The two examples in support of the statement are:
(a) The Constitution enshrines Fundamental Rights for the protection of the citizens.
(b) The constitution imposes Directive Principles of State Policy as a moral duty on the government.
OR
The Election Commission of India comprises of:
- The Chief Election Commissioner is appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Council of Ministers.
- Some Election Commissioners as reviewed and decided by the President of India from time to time.
- Till 1989, there was no provision for more than one election commissioner.
- The Chief Election Commissioner presides over the Election Commission of India although he/she has the same powers as those of the other Election Commissioners.
- They are appointed for a six year term or continue till the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
- The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed before the expiry of the term, by the President if both the Houses of Parliament make such a recommendation with a special majority. They can be removed by the President of India.
Question 33.
What is the relationship between liberty and equality?
OR
What are the different concepts of justice? [6]
Answer:
Liberty and Equality run parallel to each other but sometimes it is presumed that both are opposed to each other.
Liberty and Equality are complimentary to each other in the sense that:
(i) Liberty in absence of equality is meaningless.
(ii) Liberty does not mean the same work and equal wages for all the people.
(iii) Prof. Laski, Maclver and Bowny Pollard support this view.
Liberty and Equality are opposed to each other in the sense:
(i) Together they curtail individual liberty.
(ii) If equality is established in actual sense, then no one will enjoy the liberty to sharpen one’s own potential.
(iii) Nature has also not created each and every individual equal. Hence, everyone differs in one’s own traits, qualities, capabilities etc.
(iv) Lord Acton and De Tocqueville support this view. It can be concluded that to enjoy them together, one requires the presence of others, that is, political liberty requires equal political status and civil liberty requires equality in the eyes of law to be treated equally. Hence, economic equality is of least importance.
OR
Justice means faithful realization of existing laws against any arbitrary dealing and the ideal element in law to which a good law should aspire for.
Justice can be classified as:
(i) Social justice:
(a) No discrimination must be made among the citizens of a country on the ground of religion, colour, caste, race, language etc.
(b) Equal opportunities should be provided to one and all for one’s own development.
(c) An equality-based society should be established.
(ii) Political justice:
(a) To exercise political power to serve the interests of the all.
(b) Every citizen should enjoy their right to vote without any discrimination.
(c) Every person should have the right to contest elections as par.
(d) Every citizen should have an opportunity to put pressure on the government.
(iii) Economic justice:
(a) It refers to provide equal opportunities to one and all to earn money and to spend to meet the needs of life.
(b) National income and resources should be evenly distributed among all the people.
(c) Economic welfare of weaker section should be looked after.
(iv) Moral justice:
(a) Natural principles exist in the universe.
(b) To determine mutual relationship among individuals.
(c) Speaking the truth, showing kindness, keeping the promises, behaving liberally etc.
(v) Legal justice:
(a) To frame genuine legislation to be enforced by law.
(b) Equal provisions of punishments should also be made without any partiality.
(c) State-established justice by means of law.
Question 34.
Share the ideas and contribution of Martin Luther King Jr. in the Civil Rights Movement launched in the US.
OR
Write a detailed note on political rights of citizens. [6]
Answer:
Martin Luther King Jr. gave many arguments against the prevailing laws of segregation, that is, inequality, wrong practices of segregation etc. The male person has to broom the house and to throw the waste in the dustbin. He argued that the segregation is like a social leprosy on the politic body as it inflicts deep psychological wounds on the people who suffer as a result of such laws.
Some baseball teams had to be disbanded as the authorities did not want to accept black players. These laws created artificial boundaries between people and prevent them from cooperating with each other for the overall benefit of the country. Hence, these laws must be abolished at the earliest.
OR
The political rights are given to the citizens to participate in the affairs of the state:
- The right to vote is the most important political right to participate in the formation of the government without any discrimination, that is, every citizen above the age of 18 years of age enjoys the right to vote.
- Every voter enjoys the right to contest elections, that is, right to be elected as a representative on the attainment of 25 years of age.
- All the citizens are equally eligible to hold public offices, that is, no one can be discriminated on the ground of colour, language, religion, caste, creed etc.
- Citizens can enjoy the right to form political parties also on their own.
- The citizens are provided the right to equality before law, that is, equal opportunities are available to one and all without any discrimination on any ground.
- Every citizens enjoys the right to address petitions of complaints to the competent authorities, that is, people’s grievance can be redressed by the government.